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The roles of ascorbic acid and glutathione in symptom alleviation to SA-deficient plants infected with RNA viruses

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Abstract

Salicylic acid (SA) is required for plant systemic acquired resistance (SAR) to viruses. However, SA-deficient plants adapt to RNA virus infections better, which show a lighter symptom and have less reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. The virus replication levels are higher in the SA-deficient plants during the first 10 days, but lower than the wild-type seedlings after 20 dpi. The higher level of glutathione and ascorbic acid (AsA) in SA-deficient plants may contribute to their alleviated symptoms. Solo virus-control method for mortal viruses results in necrosis and chlorosis, no matter what level of virus RNAs would accumulate. Contrastingly, early and high-dose AsA treatment alleviates the symptom, and eventually inhibits virus replication after 20 days. ROS eliminators could not imitate the effect of AsA, and could neither alleviate symptom nor inhibit virus replication. It suggests that both symptom alleviation and virus replication control should be considered for plant virus cures.

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Abbreviations

AsA:

Ascorbic acid

CMV:

Cucumber mosaic virus

CPZ:

Chlorpromazine

DMTU:

Dimethylthiourea

dpi:

Days after inoculation

HR:

Hypersensitive response

JA:

Jasmonic acid

OTC:

l-2-Oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SA:

Salicylic acid

SAR:

Systemic acquired resistance

TCV:

Turnip crinkle virus

TNV:

Tobacco necrosis virus

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Acknowledgments

Arabidopsis thaliana seeds carrying NahG gene were gifts from Prof. Jia Li (University of Oklahoma, USA & Lanzhou University, China). We thank Mr. Rupu Xiao (Certcana Systems Institute, Ontario, Canada) for the language edition. This work was supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China (91017004, 31071669, 31070210, 30970214 and 30800071) and Sichuan Nature Science Foundation (2010JQ0080) and the National Key Basic Research ‘973’ Program of China (2009CB118500).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Pathology Laboratory, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China

    Shao-Dong Wang, Fei Xu, Jing Shang, Mo-Yun Xu, Jian-Hui Wang & De-Hui Xi

  2. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China

    Feng Zhu, Shu Yuan, Hui Yang, Shu-Dan Jia, Zhong-Wei Zhang & Hong-Hui Lin

  3. Horticulture Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610066, China

    Jian-Hui Wang

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  1. Shao-Dong Wang
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Correspondence to De-Hui Xi or Hong-Hui Lin.

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S. -D. Wang, F. Zhu and S. Yuan contributed equally to this work.

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Wang, SD., Zhu, F., Yuan, S. et al. The roles of ascorbic acid and glutathione in symptom alleviation to SA-deficient plants infected with RNA viruses. Planta 234, 171–181 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-011-1391-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-011-1391-2

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