Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Regulation of stipule development by COCHLEATA and STIPULE-REDUCED genes in pea Pisum sativum

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Planta Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Pisum sativum L., the garden pea crop plant, is serving as the unique model for genetic analyses of morphogenetic development of stipule, the lateral organ formed on either side of the junction of leafblade petiole and stem at nodes. The stipule reduced (st) and cochleata (coch) stipule mutations and afila (af), tendril-less (tl), multifoliate-pinna (mfp) and unifoliata-tendrilledacacia (uni-tac) leafblade mutations were variously combined and the recombinant genotypes were quantitatively phenotyped for stipule morphology at both vegetative and reproductive nodes. The observations suggest a role of master regulator to COCH in stipule development. COCH is essential for initiation, growth and development of stipule, represses the UNI-TAC, AF, TL and MFP led leafblade-like morphogenetic pathway for compound stipule and together with ST mediates the developmental pathway for peltate-shaped simple wild-type stipule. It is also shown that stipule is an autonomous lateral organ, like a leafblade and secondary inflorescence.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

AF, af:

AFILA

AS1:

ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1

COCH, coch:

COCHLEATA

CRI:

CRISPA

FLO:

FLORICAULA

LFY:

LEAFY

MFP:

MULTIFOLIATE-PINNA

PSKN1:

Pisum sativum KNOX1

PSKN2:

Pisum sativum KNOX2

ST, st:

STIPULE REDUCED

STP, stp:

STAMINA-PISTILLOIDA

TL, tl:

TENDRIL-LESS

UFO:

UNUSUAL FLORAL ORGANS

UNI, uni:

UNIFOLIATA

UNI-TAC, uni-tac:

UNIFOLIATA TENDRILLED ACACIA

References

  • Barkoulas M, Galinha C, Grigg SP, Tsiantis M (2007) From genes to shape: regulatory interactions in leaf development. Curr Opin Plant Biol 10:660–666

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blixt S (1967) Linkage studies in Pisum VII. The manifestation of the genes cri and coch, and the double-recessive in Pisum. Agric Hort Genet 25:131–144

    Google Scholar 

  • Blixt S (1972) Mutation genetics in Pisum. Agric Hort Genet 30:1–293

    Google Scholar 

  • Champagne C, Sinha N (2004) Compound leaves: equal to sum of their parts. Development 131:4401–4412

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Champagne CEM, Goliber TE, Wojciechowski MF, Mei RW, Townsley BT, Wang K, Paz MM, Geeta R, Sinha NR (2007) Compound leaf development and evolution in the legumes. Plant Cell 19:3369–3378

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • de Vilmorin P, Bateson W (1911) A case of gametic coupling in Pisum. Proc Royal Soc Lond Ser B Biol Sci 84:9–11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goldenberg JB (1965) Afila, a new mutation in pea (Pisum sativum L.). Boletin Genet 1:27–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Gourlay CW, Hofer JMI, Ellis THN (2000) Pea compound leaf architecture is regulated by interactions among the genes UNIFOLIATA, COCHLEATA, AFILA and TENDRIL-LESS. Plant Cell 12:1279–1294

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hofer J, Turner I, Hellens R, Ambrose M, Mathews P, Michael A, Ellis N (1997) UNIFOLIATA regulates leaf and flower morphogenesis in pea. Curr Biol 7:581–587

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hofer J, Gourlay C, Michael A, Ellis THN (2001) Expression of a class I knotted-1 like homeobox gene is down-regulated in pea compound leaf primordia. Plant Mol Biol 45:387–391

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaplan DR (2001) Fundamental concepts of leaf morphology and morphogenesis: a contribution to the interpretation of molecular genetic mutants. Int J Plant Sci 162:465–474

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kidner CA, Timmermans MCP (2007) Mixing and matching pathways in leaf polarity. Curr Opin Plant Biol 10:13–23

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kujala V (1953) Felderbse bie welcher die ganze Blattspreite in Ranken umgewandelt ist. Arch Soc Zoo Bot Fennicae ‘Vanamo’ 8:44–45

    Google Scholar 

  • Kumar S, Rai SK, Pandey-Rai S, Srivastava S, Singh D (2004) Regulation of unipinnate character in the distal tendrilled domain of compound leaf-blade by the gene MULTIFOLIATE PINNA (MFP) in pea Pisum sativum. Plant Sci 166:929–940

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lamprecht H (1933) Ein unifoliata—Typus von Pisum mit gleichzeitiger Pistilloidie. Hereditas 18:56–64

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marcotrigiano M (2001) Genetic mosaics and the analysis of leaf development. Int J Plant Sci 162:513–525

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marx GA (1987) A suite of mutants that modify pattern formation in pea leaves. Plant Mol Biol Rep 5:311–335

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Micol JL, Hake S (2003) The development of plant leaves. Plant Physiol 131:389–394

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mishra RK (2008) Genetic mapping of LEAF-LET DEVELOPMENT (LLD) and MULTIFOLIATE PINNA (MFP) genes in pea Pisum sativum. PhD Thesis, Devi Ahilya University, Indore, India

  • Mishra RK, Chaudhary S, Kumar A, Kumar S (2009) Effects of MULTIFOLIATE-PINNA, AFILA, TENDRIL-LESS and UNIFOLIATA genes on leafblade architecture in Pisum sativum. Planta. doi:10.1007/s00425-009-0931-5

  • Pellew C, Sverdrup A (1923) New observations on the genetics of peas (Pisum sativum). J Genet 13:125–131

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prajapati S, Kumar S (2001) Role of LLD, a new locus for leaflet/pinna morphogenesis in Pisum sativum. J Biosci 26:607–625

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prajapati S, Kumar S (2002) Interaction of the UNIFOLIATA-TENDRILLED ACACIA gene with AFILA and TENDRIL-LESS genes in the determination of leafblade growth and morphology in pea Pisum sativum. Plant Sci 162:713–721

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rutishauser R, Isler B (2001) Developmental genetics and morphological evolution of flowering plants, especially bladderworts (Urticularia): Fuzzy Arberian morphology complements classical morphology. Ann Bot 88:1173–1202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma B (1981) Genetic pathway of foliage development in Pisum sativum. Pulse Crops Newslett 1:26–32

    Google Scholar 

  • Tattersall AD, Turner L, Knox MR, Ambrose MJ, Ellis THN, Hofer JMI (2005) The mutant crispa reveals multiple roles for PHANTASTICA in pea compound leaf development. Plant Cell 17:1046–1060

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor S, Hofer J, Murfet I (2001) Stamina pistilloida, the pea ortholog of Fim and UFO, is required for normal development of flowers, inflorescences and leaves. Plant Cell 13:31–46

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tsukaya H (2005) Leaf shape: genetic control and environmental factors. Int J Dev Biol 49:547–555

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Villani PJ, DeMason DA (1997) Roles of the Af and Tl genes in pea leaf morphogenesis: characterization of the double mutant (af af tl tl). Am J Bot 84:1323–1336

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wiltshire RJE, Murfet IC, Reid JB (1994) The genetic control of heterochrony: evidence from developmental mutants of Pisum sativum L. J Evol Biol 7:447–465

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yaxley JL, Jablonski W, Reid JB (2001) Leaf and flower development in pea (Pisum sativum L): mutants cochleata and unifoliata. Ann Bot 88:225–234

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Grateful thanks are due to the Director, NIPGR for facilities, Indian National Science Academy for grant of an INSA Senior Scientist scheme to SK and S.K. Rai, Sunil Kumar and Vinod Kumar for help in field work and to Ashverya Laxmi for reading the manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute for Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, Post Box 10531, New Delhi, 110067, India

    Sushil Kumar, Raghvendra Kumar Mishra, Suchi Srivastava & Swati Chaudhary

  2. School of Biotechnology, Devi Ahilya University, Indore, 452001, India

    Raghvendra Kumar Mishra & Anil Kumar

Authors
  1. Sushil Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Raghvendra Kumar Mishra
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Anil Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Suchi Srivastava
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Swati Chaudhary
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sushil Kumar.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kumar, S., Mishra, R.K., Kumar, A. et al. Regulation of stipule development by COCHLEATA and STIPULE-REDUCED genes in pea Pisum sativum . Planta 230, 449–458 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-009-0952-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-009-0952-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation