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Regulated acid–base transport in the collecting duct

  • Ion Channels, Receptors and Transporters
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Abstract

The renal collecting system serves the fine-tuning of renal acid–base secretion. Acid-secretory type-A intercalated cells secrete protons via a luminally expressed V-type H+-ATPase and generate new bicarbonate released by basolateral chloride/bicarbonate exchangers including the AE1 anion exchanger. Efficient proton secretion depends both on the presence of titratable acids (mainly phosphate) and the concomitant secretion of ammonia being titrated to ammonium. Collecting duct ammonium excretion requires the Rhesus protein RhCG as indicated by recent KO studies. Urinary acid secretion by type-A intercalated cells is strongly regulated by various factors among them acid–base status, angiotensin II and aldosterone, and the Calcium-sensing receptor. Moreover, urinary acidification by H+-ATPases is modulated indirectly by the activity of the epithelial sodium channel ENaC. Bicarbonate secretion is achieved by non-type-A intercalated cells characterized by the luminal expression of the chloride/bicarbonate exchanger pendrin. Pendrin activity is driven by H+-ATPases and may serve both bicarbonate excretion and chloride reabsorption. The activity and expression of pendrin is regulated by different factors including acid–base status, chloride delivery, and angiotensin II and may play a role in NaCl retention and blood pressure regulation. Finally, the relative abundance of type-A and non-type-A intercalated cells may be tightly regulated. Dysregulation of intercalated cell function or abundance causes various syndromes of distal renal tubular acidosis underlining the importance of these processes for acid–base homeostasis.

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Acknowledgements

Work in the laboratory of the authors has been supported by grants from the Swiss National Science Foundation and FP6 and FP7 work program projects of the European Community (EuReGene, EUNEFRON). N. Mohebbi is the recipient of an ERA-EDTA long-term fellowship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zurich Center for Human Integrative Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

    Carsten A. Wagner, Soline Bourgeois & Nilufar Mohebbi

  2. Division of Nephrology, Université catholique de Louvain Medical School, Brussels, Belgium

    Olivier Devuyst

  3. Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland

    Carsten A. Wagner, Soline Bourgeois & Nilufar Mohebbi

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  1. Carsten A. Wagner
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  2. Olivier Devuyst
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  3. Soline Bourgeois
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  4. Nilufar Mohebbi
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Correspondence to Carsten A. Wagner.

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Wagner, C.A., Devuyst, O., Bourgeois, S. et al. Regulated acid–base transport in the collecting duct. Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol 458, 137–156 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-009-0657-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-009-0657-z

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