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Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: consensus conference-based guidelines

  • Review Article
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Abstract

Introduction

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the gold standard technique for gallbladder diseases in both acute and elective surgery. Nevertheless, reports from national surveys still seem to represent some doubts regarding its diffusion. There is neither a wide consensus on its indications nor on its possible related morbidity. On the other hand, more than 25 years have passed since the introduction of LC, and we have all witnessed the exponential growth of knowledge, skill and technology that has followed it. In 1995, the EAES published its consensus statement on laparoscopic cholecystectomy in which seven main questions were answered, according to the available evidence. During the following 20 years, there have been several additional guidelines on LC, mainly focused on some particular aspect, such as emergency or concomitant biliary tract surgery.

Methods

In 2012, several Italian surgical societies decided to revisit the clinical recommendations for the role of laparoscopy in the treatment of gallbladder diseases in adults, to update and supplement the existing guidelines with recommendations that reflect what is known and what constitutes good practice concerning LC.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of Mrs. J. Hanney, from England, for her linguistic review of the manuscript. We also express our gratitude to all the Presidents of the Scientific Societies that endorsed the Consensus and took part to the “Italian Surgical Societies Working Group”.

Author Contributions

Dr Agresta, Campanile and Vettoretto prepared the search strategy, were equally responsible for reviewing all the drafts of the evidence reports and for the final article.

Dr Agresta was also responsible for the organization and development of the Consensus Conference.

Dr Campanile and Vettoretto were also the Topic Editors for the acute cholecystitis and new technologies respectively, Dr. Carrara contributed to the evidence report about acute cholecystitis,

Dr Silecchia was the Topic Editor for the indications to surgical treatment, Dr. Fiume contributed to the evidence report,

Dr Bergamini was the Topic Editor for the common bile duct stones,

Dr Maida was the Topic Editor for technical aspects, Dr. Miranda contributed to the evidence report.

Dr Narilli was the Topic Editor for complications.

Dr Lombari was the Topic Editor for the outcome and day-surgery,

Dr Marchi was the Topic Editor for the training and learning curve, Dr. Esposito contributed to the evidence report.

Dr Barlera and Davoli, epidemiologists, reviewed the methodological aspects and supported the Panel during all the steps of the consensus conference.

All authors approved the final article.

Conflicts of interest

Drs. Agresta F, Campanile FC; Vettoretto N; Silecchia G; Bergamini C; Maida P; Lombari P; Narilli P; Marchi D; Carrara A; Esposito MG; Fiume S; Miranda G; Barlera S and Davoli M have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose

Ethical approval

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Endorsements

The Consensus Conference was held under the auspices of EAES. We are very grateful to the EAES Executive Board for the recognition and trust, and to Prof. Mario Morino, President of the EAES, for his continuous support

For the Young Chapter of the A.C.O.I.

Ricciardelli L (President); Belli F; Brandara F; Cantore F; Capizzi D; Carlomagno N;Carrara A; Ciccorti L; Cillara N; Esposito MG; Feroci F; Fiume S; Gilio F; Guercioni G; Indiani D; Lazzaro L; Luridiana G; Mannino L;Maglione V.; Masci E; Miranda G; Motter M; Nigro F; Perna F; Piccolo D; Prando D; Rizzuto A; Sallustio P; Serventi F; Vadalà S; Virzì C;.

Representatives

M. Rasi—for the IPASVI—the Italian National Federation Nursing Council;

A. Arru—for the SIMEU—Italian Society of Emergency Medicine;

M. Mutignani—for the SIED—Italian Society of Digestive Endoscopy;

M. Scaglione—for the SIRM—Italian Society of Radiology;

G. Scaramuzza—for Cittadinanzattiva—Citizenship

The Italian Surgical Societies Working Group: Associazione Chirurghi Ospedalieri Italiani (ACOI)—Italian Society of Hospital Surgeons; Società Italiana Chirurgia Endoscopica e nuove tecnologie (SICE)—Italian Society of Endoscopic Surgery, the Società Italiana di Chirurgia nell’Ospedalità Privata (SICOP)—The Italian Private Hospitals’ Surgical Society, Fondazione Chirurgo e Cittadino (FCC)—Surgeon and Citizen Foundation

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Presidio Ospedaliero di Adria (RO), Adria, RO, Italy

    Ferdinando Agresta

  2. Division of Surgery, Ospedale Civita Castellana, ASL VT, Civita Castellana, VT, Italy

    Fabio Cesare Campanile

  3. Az. Osp. M. Mellini, General and Vascular Surgery, Chiari, Brescia, Italy

    Nereo Vettoretto

  4. Division of general Surgery & Bariatric Center of Excellence, Sapienza University of Rome - School of Pharmacy and Medicine, Latina, Italy

    Gianfranco Silecchia

  5. Department of General and Emergency Surgery, University Hospital of Careggi, Florence, Italy

    Carlo Bergamini

  6. Evangelic Hospital Villa Betania, General, Oncologic and Advanced Laparoscopic, Surgery Unit, Naples, Italy

    Pietro Maida & Maria Grazia Esposito

  7. A.O.R.N. Caserta, Chirurgia generale oncologica, Caserta, Italy

    Pietro Lombari

  8. Nuova Itor General Hospital, General Surgery, Rome, Italy

    Piero Narilli

  9. New S. Agostino Estense Hospital N.O.C.S.A.E. Baggiovara, General Surgery Modena, Modena, Italy

    Domenico Marchi

  10. S. Chiara Hospital, General Surgery I, Trento, Italy

    Alessandro Carrara

  11. A.O. Brotzu, Division of Emergency Surgery, Cagliari, Italy

    Stefania Fiume

  12. UOC Chirurgia Generale e d’Urgenza, Asur Marche Area Vasta N. 1, Urbino, Italy

    Giuseppe Miranda

  13. Laboratory of Medical Statistics, Department of Cardiovascular Research, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy

    Simona Barlera

  14. Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Rome, Italy

    Marina Davoli

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  1. Ferdinando Agresta
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  15. Marina Davoli
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Consortia

on the behalf of The Italian Surgical Societies Working Group on the behalf of The Italian Surgical Societies Working Group

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ferdinando Agresta.

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Agresta, F., Campanile, F.C., Vettoretto, N. et al. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: consensus conference-based guidelines. Langenbecks Arch Surg 400, 429–453 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00423-015-1300-4

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