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Quantitative analysis of retinal and choriocapillary vascular density of multiple evanescent white dot syndrome by optical coherence tomography angiography

  • Retinal Disorders
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose

To describe optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and other multimodal imaging features of multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS).

Methods

The retinal and choriocapillary vascular density of MEWDS patients were measured by OCTA (OptoVue Inc.) in the acute and recovery phases. And other multimodal imaging data were also retrospectively reviewed.

Results

Sixteen patients with a mean age of 26.5 ± 6.99 years were included. Three patients were complicated with choroidal neovascularization (CNV). The mean baseline logMAR BCVA of the affected eyes was 0.52 ± 0.36 (Snellen equivalent 20/50). OCTA revealed significant reductions in vascular densities of deep capillary plexus (45.72 ± 3.70%, P = 0.0007), and choriocapillaris (46.08 ± 3.22%, P < 0.0001) of the affected eyes compared with the contralateral eyes (50.23 ± 4.06% and 52.28 ± 4.19%, respectively) in the acute phase. During the recovery phases, vascular densities of deep capillary plexus (49.50 ± 3.15%, P < 0.0001) and choriocapillaris (53.67 ± 2.58%, P < 0.0001) increased significantly in the affected eyes while those of the superficial capillary plexus remained stable. SD-OCT revealed an increase of the subfoveal choroidal thickness and disruption of the outer retinal layer, including ellipsoid zone discontinuities and the accumulation of hyperreflective material, corresponding to the hypofluorescent spots and dots on ICGA, respectively. BCVA increased to normal values after recovery, together with restoration of the structural morphology and choroidal thickness on SD-OCT, except in eyes with CNV.

Conclusion

The inner retinal layer and choroid can be secondarily transiently compromised in MEWDS. MEWDS complicated with CNV is associated with worse visual outcomes.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Ting Zhang of Fudan University, Shanghai, China, for the assistance with the statistical analyses in this study.

Funding

This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81700861, 81700862, 81770944, 81800846), the Shanghai Hospital Development Center (SHDC12016116), and the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (16411953700).

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Author notes

  1. Wenyi Tang and Jingli Guo contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China

    Wenyi Tang, Jingli Guo, Wei Liu & Gezhi Xu

  2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Gezhi Xu

  3. NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China

    Gezhi Xu

Authors
  1. Wenyi Tang
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  2. Jingli Guo
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Correspondence to Wei Liu.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Institutional Review Board of the Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Tang, W., Guo, J., Liu, W. et al. Quantitative analysis of retinal and choriocapillary vascular density of multiple evanescent white dot syndrome by optical coherence tomography angiography. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 258, 1697–1707 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-020-04687-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-020-04687-8

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