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Explore variation of salivary bacteria across time and geolocations

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Abstract

Saliva is an informative body fluid that can be found at various crime scenes, and the salivary bacterial community has been revealed it is a potential auxiliary target for forensic identification. However, the variation of salivary bacterial community composition across time and geolocation needs to be explored. The study was designed to be carried out during the winter vacation that was across about 50 days and eight geographic locations. The high throughput sequencing was performed with the V3–V4 region of the16S rRNA gene to explore salivary bacterial community composition. An overall slight fluctuation of the salivary bacteria was observed, which primarily occurred in the relative abundance of the salivary bacterial taxa. The results of principal coordinate analysis and hierarchical clustering showed samples were clustered by the individuals. All individuals could be correctly identified with the random forest model. In summation, although the relative abundance of salivary bacteria varied across the changes of time and geolocation, the individualized characteristic of salivary bacteria remained steady, which is beneficial for the salivary bacterial application in personal identification.

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Data availability

The original contributions presented in the study are publicly available. This data can be found here: PRJNA896345.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the volunteers for their participation in this study. This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant numbers: 81772030].

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Author notes

  1. Shuangshuang Wang and Feng Song contributed equally to this work and shared the first authorship.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

    Shuangshuang Wang, Feng Song, Xiaowen Wei, Yuxiang Zhou, Lanrui Jiang, Zefei Wang, Chaoran Sun, Hewen Yao, Weibo Liang & Haibo Luo

  2. Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

    Mengyuan Song

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Correspondence to Weibo Liang or Haibo Luo.

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Supplementary Information

Additional file 1.

Fig. S1. The Jaccard distances between individualsand within individuals. Fig. S2. TheNMDS plots based on Jaccard distance. A: the samples were grouped byparticipants; B: the samples were grouped by sampling time points. Fig. S3. ThePCoA based on Bray-Curtis distance. The samples were grouped by the participants.

Additional file 2.

Table S1. The detail count value and taxonomy information for the top 30 important taxa in each sample.

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Wang, S., Song, F., Song, M. et al. Explore variation of salivary bacteria across time and geolocations. Int J Legal Med 138, 547–554 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-023-03045-7

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