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Estimating individual mtDNA haplotypes in mixed DNA samples by combining MinION and MiSeq

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Abstract

We tried to estimate individual mtDNA haplotypes in mixed DNA samples by combining MinION and MiSeq. The BAM files produced by MiSeq were viewed using Integrative Genomics Viewer (IGV) to verify mixed bases. By sorting the reads according to base type for each mixed base, partial haplotypes were determined. Then, the BAM files produced by MinKNOW were viewed using IGV. To determine haplotypes with IGV, only mixed bases determined by MiSeq were used as target bases. By sorting the reads according to base type for each target base, each contributor’s haplotype was estimated. In mixed samples from two contributors, even a haplotype with a minor contribution of 5% could be distinguished from the haplotype of the major contributor. In mixed samples of three contributors (mixture ratios of 1:1:1 and 4:2:1), each haplotype could also be distinguished. Sequences of C-stretches were determined very inaccurately in the MinION analysis. Although the analysis method was simple, each haplotype was correctly detected in all mixed samples with two or three contributors in various mixture ratios by combining MinION and MiSeq. This should be useful for identifying contributors to mixed samples.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Forensic Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan

    Hiroaki Nakanishi, Kentaro Sakai & Kazuyuki Saito

  2. Department of Forensic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan

    Katsumi Yoneyama, Masaaki Hara & Aya Takada

  3. Tokyo Medical Examiner’s Office, Tokyo Metropolitan Government, 4-21-18, Otsuka, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 112-0012, Japan

    Kentaro Sakai

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  1. Hiroaki Nakanishi
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  2. Katsumi Yoneyama
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Correspondence to Hiroaki Nakanishi.

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Nakanishi, H., Yoneyama, K., Hara, M. et al. Estimating individual mtDNA haplotypes in mixed DNA samples by combining MinION and MiSeq. Int J Legal Med 136, 423–432 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-021-02763-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-021-02763-0

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