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Predictive factors of severity and persistence of oropharyngeal dysphagia in sub-acute stroke

  • Laryngology
  • Published:
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to understand the factors contributing to the severity of oropharyngeal dysphagia and its persistence in the sub-acute phase of stroke.

Methods

We retrospectively collected the data of all the patients suffering from a stroke in the last year. The severity of stroke was reported according to the NIHSS score. All the patients were evaluated with the Dysphagia Risk Score and with a FEES. We classified the Dysphagia Risk Score and FEES results using the PAS score and ASHA-NOMS levels. The data were analysed statistically with ANOVA test, Student’s t test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

Results

A series of 54 patients were evaluated. The ANOVA test did not find any difference in the mean score of Dysphagia Risk Score, PAS and ASHA-NOMS when compared with the brain area of stroke. An NIHSS at hospital admission (stroke unit) of more than 12 was predictive of ASHA-NOMS score 1–4 after 60 days (p < 0.05). A PAS score between 6 and 8 at first FEES evaluation was predictive of poor (1–4) ASHA-NOMS score after 60 days (p < 0.01). A moderate positive linear correlation was found between NIHSS score and both PAS (r 0.65) and Dysphagia Risk Score (r 0.50); a moderate negative linear correlation was recorded between NIHSS and ASHA-NOMS (r  − 0.66) scores.

Conclusion

In the sub-acute phase of stroke, the predictive factors of persistent dysphagia are not linked to the damaged neuroanatomical region and others factors such as NIHSS value and high PAS score seem more useful.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. U.O. Foniatria, Dipartimento di Riabilitazione, ASL Lecce, Piazza Bottazzi, 73100, Lecce, Italy

    Alessandro De Stefano & Giuseppina Lamarca

  2. U.O. Otorinolaringoiatria, Policlinico Giaccone, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italia

    Francesco Dispenza

  3. ENT Department, Maithri Speciality Clinics, Mangaluru, India

    Gautham Kulamarva

  4. U.O. Medicina Fisica e Riabilitazione Neuromotoria, Ospedale “Santa Caterina Novella”, ASL Lecce, Galatina (Lecce), Italia

    Antonio Faita, Antonio Merico, Giuseppe Sardanelli & Salvatore Gabellone

  5. Dipartimento di Riabilitazione, ASL Lecce, Lecce, Italia

    Antonio Antonaci

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  1. Alessandro De Stefano
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Correspondence to Alessandro De Stefano.

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De Stefano, A., Dispenza, F., Kulamarva, G. et al. Predictive factors of severity and persistence of oropharyngeal dysphagia in sub-acute stroke. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 278, 741–748 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-020-06429-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-020-06429-2

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