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CXCL12 regulates differentiation of human immature melanocyte precursors as well as their migration

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Abstract

Melanocyte stem cells (McSCs) are localized in the bulge region of hair follicles and supply melanocytes, which determine hair color by synthesizing melanin. Ectopic differentiation of McSCs, which are usually undifferentiated in the bulge region, causes depletion of McSCs and results in hair graying. Therefore, to prevent hair graying, it is essential to maintain McSCs in the bulge region, but the mechanism of McSC maintenance remains unclear. To address this issue, we investigated the role of CXCL12, a chemokine which was previously suggested to induce migration of melanocyte lineage cells, as a niche component of McSCs. Immunohistological analysis revealed that CXCL12 was highly expressed in the bulge region of human hair follicles. CXCL12 mRNA expression level was significantly lower in white hairs plucked from human scalps than in black hairs. CXCL12 attracted the migration of early-passage normal human epidermal melanocytes (eNHEMs), an in vitro model of McSCs, which had characteristics of immature melanocyte precursors. We also found that CXCL12 suppressed their differentiation. These results suggest that CXCL12 regulates differentiation of McSCs as well as their proper localization, and maintaining McSCs by regulating CXCL12 expression level in the bulge region may be a key to preventing hair graying.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to N. Goshima (Cellisis Co., Ltd., Aichi, Japan) for her support in preparing the manuscript.

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Author notes

  1. Naoki Yamamoto

    Present address: Regenerative Medicine Support Promotion Facility, Center for Research Promotion and Support, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd, 2-7 Torimicho, Nishi-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 451-0071, Japan

    Takaaki Yamada, Seiji Hasegawa, Yuichi Hasebe, Mika Kawagishi-Hotta & Satoru Nakata

  2. Department of Applied Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukakecho, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan

    Takaaki Yamada & Hirohiko Akamatsu

  3. Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukakecho, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan

    Takaaki Yamada, Seiji Hasegawa, Yuichi Hasebe, Mika Kawagishi-Hotta, Masaru Arima, Yohei Iwata, Tsukane Kobayashi, Shigeki Numata & Kazumitsu Sugiura

  4. Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumaicho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan

    Seiji Hasegawa

  5. Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Histochemistry, Joint Research Support Promotion Facility, Center for Research Promotion and Support, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukakecho, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan

    Naoki Yamamoto

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  1. Takaaki Yamada
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  2. Seiji Hasegawa
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  12. Hirohiko Akamatsu
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Contributions

TY and SH designed the research study. TY, MA, YI, TK, SN and NY performed the research. TY, SH, SN, KS and HA carried out the data analysis and wrote the manuscript. All authors critically revised the manuscript and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Takaaki Yamada.

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The authors state no conflict of interest.

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Yamada, T., Hasegawa, S., Hasebe, Y. et al. CXCL12 regulates differentiation of human immature melanocyte precursors as well as their migration. Arch Dermatol Res 311, 55–62 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-018-1880-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-018-1880-2

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