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3D-Bioprinting in der regenerativen Therapie von Herz- und Gefäßerkrankungen

Zukunft oder Beginn der klinischen Translation?

3D bioprinting in the regenerative treatment of cardiovascular diseases

Future or start of clinical translation?

  • Stand der Wissenschaft
  • Published:
Zeitschrift für Herz-,Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Die Fähigkeiten des menschlichen Körpers zur Regeneration sind limitiert, und Gewebe und Organspenden sind seit Jahren rückläufig. Moderne Biotechnologie, d. h. Bioengineering und insbesondere der 3D-Biodruck (3D-Bioprinting), wecken die Hoffnung auf eine Verbesserung der Therapie von kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen. Das Ziel des 3D-Bioprinting ist es, die Vorteile der schnellen, präzisen und reproduzierbaren maschinellen Instant-Fertigung, wie sie aus der Industrie bekannt sind, auf lebende, komplexe Strukturen zu übertragen und die so erzeugten Gewebeverbände und Organoide anschließend im Bioreaktor weiterzukultivieren. Drei der häufigsten Bioprinting-Verfahren, d. h. das injektionsbasierte Bioprinting, das laserbasierte Bioprinting und das extrusionsbasierte Bioprinting, sollen im Folgenden, vor dem Hintergrund der Anwendung in der kardiovaskulären Medizin, erläutert werden. Weiterhin werden exemplarisch die aktuellen und zukünftigen Möglichkeiten des 3D-Bioprinting in der kardiovaskulären Medizin vorgestellt.

Abstract

The human body’s ability to regenerate is limited and tissue and organ donations have been declining for years. Modern biotechnology, i.e. bioengineering and in particular 3D-bioprinting raises the hope of improving the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The goal of 3D-bioprinting is to transfer the advantages of fast, precise and reproducible instant machine fabrication, as known from industry, to living complex structures and to subsequently further cultivate the resulting tissue composites and organoids in a bioreactor. Three of the most common bioprinting methods, i.e. injection-based bioprinting, laser-based bioprinting and extrusion-based bioprinting, are described and their potential application in cardiovascular medicine is discussed. Furthermore, the current and future possibilities of 3D-bioprinting in cardiovascular medicine are highlighted in this article.

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  1. Klinik für Herz- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Hs C, 24105, Kiel, Deutschland

    Rouven Berndt

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Correspondence to Rouven Berndt.

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R. Berndt gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden vom Autor keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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Für das Thema dieser Arbeit wurde von der Deutschen Stiftung für Herzforschung (DSHF) zusammen mit der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Thorax‑, Herz- und Gefäßchirurgie (DGTHG) das Dr. Rusche-Forschungsprojekt 2021 vergeben.

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Berndt, R. 3D-Bioprinting in der regenerativen Therapie von Herz- und Gefäßerkrankungen. Z Herz- Thorax- Gefäßchir 35, 364–369 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00398-021-00469-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00398-021-00469-4

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