Abstract
Grafted copolymer of Plantago psyllium mucilage and acrylonitrile (Psy–g–PAN) has been synthesized in the presence of nitrogen using a ceric ion–nitric acid redox system. The solid removal efficiency of this copolymer was tested with tannery effluent. The suitable pH, optimum dose of polymer and contact time for the maximum removal of suspended (SS) and dissolved solids (TDS) are reported. The optimum dose was found to be 1.2 mg l−1. The suitable pH values, at which a maximum SS removal of about 89% and TDS removal of about 27% occurred, were found to be 7.0 and 9.2 for SS and TDS, respectively. The optimum treatment duration was 3 h. The analysis of X-ray diffraction patterns of Psy–g–PAN and solid waste from effluent before and after treatment suggests the interaction of the solid waste with the Psy–g–PAN copolymer.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Singh RP, Karmarkar GP, Rath SK, Pandey SR, Tripathy T, Panda J, Kanan K, Jain SK, Lan NT (2000) Polym Eng Sci 40:46
Chan WC, Chiang CY (1995) J Appl Polym Sci 58:1721
Khalil MI, Farag S (1998) J Appl Polym Sci 69:45
Karmakar GP, Singh RP (1998) Colloids Surf 133:119
Tripathi T, Pandey SR, Bhagat RP, Singh RP (2001) Eur Polym J 37:125
Rajani S, Agarwal M, Padma SV, Mishra A (2002) Asian Textile J 11:48
Agarwal M, Rajani S, Mishra A (2002) J Polym Res 9:69
Kang DW, Choi RC, Kweon DK (1999) J Appl Polym Sci 73:469
Rajani S, Agarwal M, Mishra A (2002) Water Qual Res J Can 37:371
Eromosele IC, Bayero SS (2000) Bioresour Technol 71:279
Warner RR, Rerai EJ (1997) J Appl Polym Sci 65:1471
Rajani S, Gupta RK, Mishra A (2003) Colloid Polym Sci 281:187
Eaton AD, Clesceri LS, Greenberg AE (1995) Standard methods for examination of water and effluent, 19th edn. APHA, Washington, DC
Fanta GF, Burr RC, Russel CR, Rist CE (1969). J Polym Sci 13:133
Athawale VD, Rathi SC (1999) J Macromol Sci Rev Macromol Chem Phys 39:445
Huck PM (1997) Scavenging and flocculation of metal bearing effluent using polyelectrolyte. Environmental Protection Service, Burlington, Canada
Jha A, Agarwal S, Mishra A, Rai JSP (2001) Iran Polym J 10:85
Agarwal M, Rajani S, Mishra A (2001) Macromol Mater Eng 286:560
Hocking HB, Klichuk KA, Lowen S (1999) J Macromol Sci Rev Macromol Chem Phys C 39:177
Ayumi I, Teruyuki V, Jiaro A, Toshiyoki T, Koji M (2000) Water Res 34:751
Huang L, Allen E, Tonelli AE (1999) Polymer 40:3211
Acknowledgements
We are grateful to the University Grants Commission, India, and the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, India, for financial support. We are also thankful to Tapan Routh, Incharge, Zonal Laboratory Kanpur, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, for his valuable help during this study by providing some of the research facilities.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mishra, A., Yadav, A., Agarwal, M. et al. Polyacrylonitrile-grafted Plantago psyllium mucilage for the removal of suspended and dissolved solids from tannery effluent. Colloid Polym Sci 282, 300–303 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-003-0895-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-003-0895-0