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Association between healthy dietary patterns and markers of oxidative stress in the Sister Study

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Abstract

Purpose

We assessed the cross-sectional association between healthy dietary patterns [alternate Mediterranean diet (aMED), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), alternative Healthy Eating Index (aHEI), and Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015)] and urinary biomarkers of oxidative stress.

Methods

Between 2003 and 2009, the Sister Study enrolled 50,884 breast cancer-free US women aged 35 to 74 (non-Hispanic White, 83.7%). Data were analyzed for 844 premenopausal and 454 postmenopausal women who had urine samples analyzed for F2-isoprostanes and non-missing covariate data. Food frequency questionnaire responses were used to calculate dietary pattern scores. Concentrations of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α) and its metabolite (8-iso-PGF2α-M) were measured in urine samples by GC/MS for premenopausal women and LC/MS for postmenopausal women. Multivariable linear regression models were used to estimate associations between aMED, DASH, aHEI, and HEI-2015 and urinary F2-isoprostanes by menopausal status. Effect modification by sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical characteristics was also evaluated.

Results

Among premenopausal women, the four dietary indices were inversely associated with 8-iso-PGF2α (aMED βQ4vsQ1: − 0.17, 95% CI − 0.27, − 0.08; DASH βQ4vsQ1: − 0.18, 95% CI − 0.28, − 0.08; aHEI βQ4vsQ1: − 0.20, 95% CI − 0.30, − 0.10; HEI-2015 βQ4vsQ1: − 0.19, 95% CI − 0.29, − 0.10). In contrast, inverse associations with 8-iso-PGF2α-M were found for the continuous aMED, aHEI, and HEI-2015. Associations between dietary indices and 8-iso-PGF2α were generally stronger among younger women, women with lower income, and women with higher BMI. Similar results were observed among postmenopausal women, though only the continuous DASH and aHEI models were statistically significant.

Conclusion

Healthy dietary patterns were associated with lower levels of oxidative stress.

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Data availability

Data from the Sister Study and analytic code may be obtained by following procedures described on the Sister Study Website [The Sister Study: Collaborations and Data Requests (nih.gov)].

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Funding

BC is supported by grant number T32-GM081740 from NIH-NIGMS. The contents of this publication are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIGMS or NIH. This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01-ES044005], NIH Office of Dietary Supplements Research Scholars Program, and the Avon Foundation [02-2012-085]. This work was also partially supported by a grant from the Arkansas Breast Cancer Research Program.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Co-senior authors: Susan E. Steck and Yong-Moon Mark Park.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene St. #456, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA

    Brittany Crawford & Susan E. Steck

  2. Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA

    Dale P. Sandler & Yong-Moon Mark Park

  3. Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Hazel B. Nichols

  4. Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA

    Ginger L. Milne

  5. Department of Epidemiology, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St., #820, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA

    Yong-Moon Mark Park

  6. Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA

    Yong-Moon Mark Park

Authors
  1. Brittany Crawford
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  2. Susan E. Steck
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  3. Dale P. Sandler
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Susan E. Steck or Yong-Moon Mark Park.

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Conflict of interest

None reported.

Ethical approval

The Sister Study is overseen by the NIH Institutional Review Board and the University of South Carolina Institutional Review Board (Approval number: Pro00113780).

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Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.

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Crawford, B., Steck, S.E., Sandler, D.P. et al. Association between healthy dietary patterns and markers of oxidative stress in the Sister Study. Eur J Nutr 63, 485–499 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-023-03280-z

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