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Cardiometabolic risk profile and diet quality among internal migrants in Brazil: a population-based study

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Abstract

Purpose

Studies of migrants can improve understanding of the environmental influence on the risk of chronic diseases. In continental countries, internal migration has been associated with changes in diet and health status. The objective of this study is to assess differences in diet quality and the cardiometabolic risk profile between migrants and the host population.

Methods

A cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted in the city of São Paulo. The study population included internal migrants, defined as individuals born outside São Paulo city who had lived in the city for ten years or longer. The final population (n = 537) was divided into three groups: natives of São Paulo (45.5%), migrants from the Southeast (26.9%) and migrants from the Northeast (27.5%). The joint interim statement consensus criteria were used for diagnosing MetSyn. Diet quality was estimated using the revised version of the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index (BHEI-R). Comparisons between the data of BHEI-R, cardiometabolic risk factors and MetSyn in migrants and natives were performed using generalized linear models adjusted for confounding factors, respectively.

Results

Southeastern and Northeastern migrants younger than 60 years had a higher average of for whole fruit and oil components, respectively. Northeastern migrants older than 60 years had higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure, atherogenic ratio concentrations, lower HDL-C and were more likely to present metabolic syndrome compared to those born in São Paulo of the same age group.

Conclusion

Native and internal migrants from Brazil resident in São Paulo exhibited differences in diet quality and cardiometabolic risk factors.

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Funding

This work was supported, in part, by the Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) (Grant 2009/15831-0; 2014/16347-2) and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq process no. 503128/2010-4).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo, 01246-904, Brazil

    Antonio Augusto Ferreira Carioca, Bartira Gorgulho, Mariane de Mello Fontanelli, Regina Mara Fisberg & Dirce Maria Marchioni

  2. University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Nutrition Course, Fortaleza, Brazil

    Antonio Augusto Ferreira Carioca

  3. Departamento de Alimentos E Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil

    Bartira Gorgulho

Authors
  1. Antonio Augusto Ferreira Carioca
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  2. Bartira Gorgulho
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  3. Mariane de Mello Fontanelli
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  4. Regina Mara Fisberg
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  5. Dirce Maria Marchioni
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Contributions

AAFC: was responsible for the design of the present study, data analysis, and drafted and wrote the manuscript, and was responsible for the final content. BG and MMF: participated in the design and data analysis, and wrote the manuscript. RMF: participated in design, critical analysis and final review. DMM: led the team and participated in the study design and conception, data analysis, manuscript conception, critical analysis and final review. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dirce Maria Marchioni.

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No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

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Carioca, A.A.F., Gorgulho, B., de Mello Fontanelli, M. et al. Cardiometabolic risk profile and diet quality among internal migrants in Brazil: a population-based study. Eur J Nutr 60, 759–768 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02281-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02281-6

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