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Gene expression profile following an oral unsaturated fat load in abdominal obese subjects

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Abstract

Purpose

Our aim was to evaluate the postprandial effect of an oral fat load test (OFLT) rich in unsaturated fatty acids on gene expression profile in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from subjects with abdominal obesity as an insulin resistance model and controls.

Methods

A total of 20 controls and 20 abdominal obese patients were studied. Metabolic parameters and oxidative stress markers were measured with standardized protocols. The whole gene expression at fasting state and after the OFLT (0, 4 and 8 h) was analysed using human HT-12-v4 expression beadchips, from Illumina.

Results

We found a significant decrease in plasma glucose, insulin and oxidative stress markers in abdominal obese patients and controls. We found beneficial metabolic postprandial gene expression in three genes: FKBP5, DDIT4 and DHRS9. Following an OFLT, the postprandial mRNA expression of FKBP5, and DDIT4 was downregulated while that of DHRS9 was overexpressed, both in nondiabetic normolipidemic subjects and in insulin-resistant subjects with abdominal obesity.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that an OFLT rich in unsaturated fatty acids downregulates the expression of FKBP5, coding for the glucocorticoid receptor pathway, and that of DDIT4, involved in the oxidative stress response. These changes could favourably influence the insulin resistance and oxidative stress status in the postprandial state.

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Abbreviations

BMI:

Body mass index

GSH:

Reduced glutathione

GSSG:

Oxidized glutathione

HOMA:

Homeostasis model assessment index

HPLC:

High-performance liquid columns

NCBI:

National centre for biotechnology information

OFLT:

Oral fat load test

PBMCs:

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells

PBS:

Phosphate buffer solution

PPL:

Postprandial lipemia

TC:

Total colesterol

TG:

Triglycerides

TRL:

Triglyceride rich lipoproteins.

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Acknowledgements

This work has been supported by Grants from CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabolicas Asociadas, from the Spanish Ministry of Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Madrid, Spain) to Juan F. Ascaso (PI10/0051), from the Spanish Ministry of Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Madrid, Spain), the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competiveness, and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) to Jose T. Real (PI15/00082), and from the Valencian Government to Sergio Martinez-Hervas (GE-010/09). Ana Bárbara Garcia–Garcia is supported by a grant from CIBERDEM. CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabolicas asociadas is an Instituto de Salud Carlos III initiative.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain

    A. Bárbara Garcia-Garcia, S. Martinez-Hervas, J. T. Real, G. de Marco, R. Carmena, F. J. Chaves & J. F. Ascaso

  2. Genetic Diagnosis Unit, Clinical Research Foundation (INCLIVA), University Clinical Hospital, Valencia, Spain

    A. Bárbara Garcia-Garcia, P. Marin-Garcia & F. J. Chaves

  3. Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Clinical Hospital and INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain

    S. Martinez-Hervas, J. T. Real, A. Priego, J. F. Martínez-Valls, R. Carmena & J. F. Ascaso

  4. Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

    S. Martinez-Hervas, J. T. Real, J. F. Martínez-Valls, R. Carmena & J. F. Ascaso

Authors
  1. A. Bárbara Garcia-Garcia
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  2. S. Martinez-Hervas
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  3. J. T. Real
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  4. P. Marin-Garcia
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  5. G. de Marco
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  6. A. Priego
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  7. J. F. Martínez-Valls
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  8. R. Carmena
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  9. F. J. Chaves
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  10. J. F. Ascaso
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. Martinez-Hervas.

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The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

A. Bárbara Garcia-Garcia, S. Martinez-Hervas contributed equally to this work.

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Garcia-Garcia, A.B., Martinez-Hervas, S., Real, J.T. et al. Gene expression profile following an oral unsaturated fat load in abdominal obese subjects. Eur J Nutr 58, 1331–1337 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-018-1659-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-018-1659-4

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