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Preventive effects of curcumin on different aspiration material-induced lung injury in rats

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Abstract

Purpose

We have studied whether curcumin protects different pulmonary aspiration material-induced lung injury in rats.

Materials and methods

The experiments were designed in 60 Sprague–Dawley rats, randomly allotted into one of six groups (n = 10): normal saline (NS, control), enteral formula (Biosorb Energy Plus, BIO), hydrochloric acid (HCl), NS + curcumin-treated, BIO + curcumin-treated, and HCl + curcumin-treated. NS, BIO, HCl were injected in to the lungs. The rats received curcumin twice daily only for 7 days. Seven days later, both lungs in all groups were examined histopathologically, immunohistochemically, and biochemically. Histopathologic examination was performed according to the presence of peribronchial inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar septal infiltration, alveolar edema, alveolar exudate, alveolar histiocytes, interstitial fibrosis, granuloma, and necrosis formation. Immunohistochemical assessments were examined for the activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the expression of surfactant protein D (SP-D). Malondialdehyde (MDA), hydroxyproline (HP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity were measured in the lung tissue.

Results

Our findings show that curcumin inhibits the inflammatory response reducing significantly (P < 0.05) all histopathological parameters in different pulmonary aspiration models. Pulmonary aspiration significantly increased the tissue HP content, MDA levels and decreased the antioxidant enzyme (SOD, GSH-Px) activities. Curcumin treatment significantly decreased the elevated tissue HP content, and MDA levels and prevented inhibition of SOD, and GSH-Px enzymes in the tissues. Furthermore, our data suggest that there is a significant reduction in the activity of iNOS and a rise in the expression of SP-D in lung tissue of different pulmonary aspiration models with curcumin therapy.

Conclusion

Our findings support the use of curcumin as a potential therapeutic agent in acute lung injury.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey

    Ahmet Guzel & Serap Karasalihoglu

  2. Department of Histology and Embryology, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey

    Mehmet Kanter

  3. Department of Pediatric Surgery, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey

    Burhan Aksu & Umit Nusret Basaran

  4. Department of Pathology, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey

    Ömer Yalçın

  5. Edirne Chest Disease Hospital, Edirne, Turkey

    Aygul Guzel

  6. Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey

    Hafise Uzun & Dildar Konukoğlu

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  1. Ahmet Guzel
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Correspondence to Ahmet Guzel.

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Guzel, A., Kanter, M., Aksu, B. et al. Preventive effects of curcumin on different aspiration material-induced lung injury in rats. Pediatr Surg Int 25, 83–92 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00383-008-2282-x

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