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Safe and effective transvenous lead extraction for elderly patients utilizing non-laser and laser tools: a single-center experience in Japan

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Abstract

Transvenous lead extraction (TLE) for cardiac implantable electric device (CIED) infection is becoming increasingly common, but is believed to be particularly risky in elderly patients. This study aimed to clarify the safety and effectiveness of TLE in the elderly, evaluating the use of both non-laser and laser extraction tools. We retrospectively analyzed the characteristics, device type, indications, procedures, and clinical results in younger (YG; age: 15–79 years; n = 48) and elderly groups (EG; age: ≥ 80 years; n = 27) of patients who underwent percutaneous TLE between April 2014 and December 2019 at our hospital. The average age was 68 and 88 years in the YG and EG, respectively. Indications for TLE were infection in 33 (68.8%) patients and other in 15 (30.6%) patients in the YG, and infection in all 27 (100%) EG patients. Bloodstream infection was detected in 9 and 4 patients in the YG and EG, respectively, with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis being the most common causative pathogen. All TLE procedures were performed under general anesthesia in an operating room with cardiovascular surgeon backup. An excimer laser sheath (76 leads), a laser followed by a mechanical sheath (45 leads), Evolution RL® (17 leads), a mechanical sheath (9 leads), and manual traction (one lead) were employed to extract a total of 148 leads (98 and 50 in the YG and EG, respectively). A mechanical sheath or Evolution RL® was more frequently used in the YG. The respective average implantation durations in the YG and EG were 5.3 and 5.0 years, respectively, which were comparable (p = 0.46). Procedural success rates were identical between the YG and EG (99% vs. 100%, respectively). There was only one procedure-related complication in the entire cohort (cardiac tamponade in a YG patient). Taken together, the success rates of TLE were high in the EG, with no complications, with extraction being the indication for infection in all EG patients. Percutaneous TLE was safe and effective in elderly patients using both non-laser and laser techniques.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank Minako Aono, Maki Kurihara, and Mebae Kobayashi for their assistance with the study.

Funding

This research did not receive any specific grants from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Author notes

  1. Hiroaki Tabata and Ayako Okada contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan

    Ayako Okada, Hiroaki Tabata, Morio Shoda, Wataru Shoin, Hideki Kobayashi, Takahiro Okano, Koji Yoshie, Ken Kato, Tatsuya Saigusa, Soichiro Ebisawa, Hirohiko Motoki & Koichiro Kuwahara

  2. Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan

    Morio Shoda

  3. Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan

    Ken Kato

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  1. Ayako Okada
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  2. Hiroaki Tabata
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Correspondence to Morio Shoda.

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Okada, A., Tabata, H., Shoda, M. et al. Safe and effective transvenous lead extraction for elderly patients utilizing non-laser and laser tools: a single-center experience in Japan. Heart Vessels 36, 882–889 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00380-020-01761-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00380-020-01761-3

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