Abstract
Volumetric measurement for the wake structures generated by a freely swimming zebra fish has been conducted by tomographic particle image velocimetry. The 3D flow visualization is recorded by four high speed cameras. The time-resolved three-dimensional flow structures are obtained and studied. \(\lambda _{ci}\)-criterion is applied to identify vortices induced by zebra fish locomotion, which clearly exhibits the instantaneous structures of three-dimensional vortex rings. Vortex rings are linked at angles and gradually lose coherence as they convect downstream. By investigating the distribution of momentum components and acceleration terms of the Navier-Stokes equations, it is found that vortex rings in the wake have an accelerating effect on the flow. And alternating orientations of vortex rings can result in a change of thrust direction between successive tailbeats. A pressure reconstruction technique is applied, revealing low pressure regions around vortex rings and relatively large pressure gradient at the connecting part of the linked vortex rings. Combined with the kinematic information of the flow field, the dynamic analysis introduced by the acceleration and pressure fields further strengthens the understanding of fish’s propulsion mechanism.
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This work was supported by the National Key R & D Program of China (No. 2020YFA040070).
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Tu, H., Wang, F., Wang, H. et al. Experimental study on wake flows of a live fish with time-resolved tomographic PIV and pressure reconstruction. Exp Fluids 63, 25 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-021-03378-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-021-03378-2