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Grundlagen der optischen Kohärenztomographie-basierten Glaukomdiagnostik

Principles of glaucoma diagnostics with optical coherence tomography

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

In den letzten Jahren führten zahlreiche OCT (optische Kohärenztomographie)-Anwendungen dazu, Glaukome bezüglich ihrer Morphologie besser zu begreifen. Im klinischen Alltag der Behandlung von Glaukompatienten spielen vor allem die modernen diagnostischen Aspekte eine bedeutende Rolle.

Methoden

Es erfolgte eine selektive Literaturrecherche unter Berücksichtigung eigener Erfahrungen. Es werden die Prinzipien der 3 OCT-Messverfahren im Detail besprochen. Diagnostische Wertigkeit und Fußangeln der jeweiligen Messverfahren werden beleuchtet.

Ergebnisse

Retinale Nervenfaserschicht, Makula und Ganglienzellschicht sowie minimale neuroretinale Randsaumdicke haben vor allem die objektivere Frühdiagnose und Verlaufsmessung erleichtert.

Schlussfolgerung

OCT-Messungen bei Glaukomen können nicht die ärztliche Glaukomdiagnose ersetzen, bieten jedoch eine wertvolle Entscheidungshilfe für Diagnose und Verlaufsbeobachtung.

Abstract

Background

In recent years many applications of optical coherence tomography (OCT) have led to a better understanding of glaucoma morphology. The clinical routine in the treatment of glaucoma is strongly influenced by the modern diagnostic aspects.

Methods

A selective search of the literature was carried out and the important aspects are presented taking own experiences into account. The measurement principles, diagnostic ability and pitfalls of the three OCT measurement procedures are highlighted.

Results

Retinal nerve fiber layer, macula and ganglion cell layer thickness as well as the minimum neuroretinal rim width have facilitated in particular the objective early diagnosis and follow-up measurements.

Conclusion

For glaucoma, OCT measurements cannot replace the medical expert diagnosis but they represent a valuable decision-making aid for diagnostics and follow-up examinations.

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Correspondence to C.Y. Mardin.

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Mardin, C. Grundlagen der optischen Kohärenztomographie-basierten Glaukomdiagnostik. Ophthalmologe 112, 639–645 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00347-015-0098-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00347-015-0098-3

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