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Epidemiology and risk factors for staphylococcal urinary tract infections in the Moroccan Casablanca area

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aimed to ascertain the prevalence and risk factors for developing staphylococcal urinary tract infections (UTIs) in the Casablanca area of Morocco.

Methods

In Casablanca, Morocco, a retrospective evaluation of 772 UTIs patients was conducted between January 2020 and December 2022. The research included two groups of patients: those with staphylococcal UTIs and those without. Sex, age, chronic illnesses, antibiotic exposure, urinary catheterization, urological surgery, and UTIs history were the risk variables assessed. We employed a logistic regression model to identify the characteristics that were predictive of staphylococcal UTIs.

Results

Eight staphylococcal species were responsible for 16.84% of UTIs in 772 non-repeating individuals. Patients infected with S. saprophyticus (35.38%) were the most common, followed by those infected with S. epidermidis (24.61%), S. aureus (13.85%), and S. hemolyticus (10.78%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that male sex (95% CI: 0.261–0.563), immunosuppression and immunosuppressive treatments (95% CI: 0.0068–0.64), chronic diseases (95% CI: 0.407–0.965), previous UTIs (95% CI: 0.031–0.228), frequency of urination more than 8 times a day (95% CI:1.04–3.29), frequency of urination once or twice a day (95% CI: 1.05–2.39), and urinary catheterization (95% CI: 0.02–0.22) were the most likely predictors of staphylococcal UTIs. In addition, a larger proportion of patients with staphylococcal UTIs were made aware of the risk factors associated with staphylococcal UTIs (52.31%, χ2 = 4.82, = 0.014).

Conclusions

This is the first global study to evaluate the predictive factors for acquiring UTIs caused by staphylococci. Monitoring these factors will enable medical authorities to devise effective strategies for managing UTIs and combating antibiotic resistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Team of Biotechnology and Sustainable Development of Natural Resources, Department of Biology, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco

    Rafik Aniba, Asmaa Dihmane, Habiba Raqraq, Amina Ressmi & Abouddihaj Barguigua

  2. Molecular Bacteriology Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca, Morocco

    Rafik Aniba & Kaotar Nayme

  3. Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et bio-Informatique, Ecole des Hautes Etudes de Biotechnologie et de santé (EHEB), Casablanca, Morocco

    Mohammed Timinouni

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  1. Rafik Aniba
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Contributions

R.A., and D.A. and R.H, collected and analyzed the data, and drafted the manuscript. R.A, and B. A, conceptualized, designed the study, guided data analysis and interpretation, T.M., B.A., and N. K. supervised, validated the study, and critically reviewed the manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rafik Aniba.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that there are no actual or perceived conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

This study was approved by the Ethics Committee for Biomedical Research of the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oujda of Mohammed I University, Oujda, Morocco, approval number: 15/2023.

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Aniba, R., Dihmane, A., Raqraq, H. et al. Epidemiology and risk factors for staphylococcal urinary tract infections in the Moroccan Casablanca area. World J Urol 42, 296 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-024-04981-8

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