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Basal metabolic rate and the risk of urolithiasis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study

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Abstract

Objective

Few studies have investigated the impact of basal metabolic rate (BMR) on the development of urolithiasis, and the causal relationship is yet to be established. In this study, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was utilized to identify the causal relationship between BMR and risk of urolithiasis.

Method

Genetic instruments for BMR were drawn from a public genome-wide association study (GWAS). Summary dates on BMR and urolithiasis were obtained from a GWAS meta-analysis with sample sizes of 454,874 and 212,453, respectively. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was provided as the main approach to estimate the causal relationship. The weighted-median method and the MR-Egger method were used as supplements to the IVW method. In addition, we conducted sensitivity analyses, including heterogeneity tests, pleiotropy tests and leave-one-out analysis, to assess the robustness of the outcomes. Furthermore, the funnel plot asymmetry was visually inspected to evaluate possible bias.

Results

The inverse-variance weighted data revealed that genetically predicted BMR significantly decreased the risk of urolithiasis [beta coefficient (beta): − 0.2366, odds ratio (OR): 0.7893, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.6504–0.9579, p = 0.0166].

Conclusions

BMR has causal effects on urolithiasis in an MR study, and the risk of urolithiasis in patients with lower levels of BMR is higher.

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Data availability

The data for this study is sourced from the public database: ieu open gwas project (https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk/).

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Funding

The present study was supported by the research start-up fee for the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University (contract no. zdbykyqdf005).

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Author notes

  1. Zechao Lu and Yushu Chen have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 3025, Shennan Zhong Road, Shenzhen, 518033, China

    Zechao Lu, Yushu Chen, Zhicheng Tang, Jiahao Zhang, Zhibiao Li, Fucai Tang & Zhaohui He

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  1. Zechao Lu
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  2. Yushu Chen
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  3. Zhicheng Tang
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  4. Jiahao Zhang
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Contributions

ZL: project design, data collection, data analysis, and manuscript writing. YC: project design, data collection, data analysis, and manuscript writing. ZT: data collection, and manuscript writing. JZ: data analysis, and manuscript writing. ZL: data analysis, and manuscript writing. FT: project design and project reviewing. ZH: project design and project reviewing. All authors read and approved the study to be published. All authors agree to be accountable for all aspects of this work.

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Correspondence to Fucai Tang or Zhaohui He.

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Lu, Z., Chen, Y., Tang, Z. et al. Basal metabolic rate and the risk of urolithiasis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. World J Urol 42, 235 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-024-04946-x

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