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Effect of chemical exfoliation on the specific capacitance of MoS2 decorated conducting polymer electrodes for supercapacitor applications

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Abstract

The present communication introduces a modified high-performance supercapacitor electrode with chemically exfoliated MoS2@PANI nanocomposite as a solution for the upcoming energy needs. We put forward a chemical exfoliation route for increasing the effective surface area of hydrothermally synthesized MoS2, and effective encapsulation of a conducting polymer, polyaniline (PANI), was introduced via in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline monomer. The structural behaviors were systematically explored by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and the surface characteristics were analyzed by Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area measurements. The effect of exfoliation on capacitive performance was analyzed by the electrochemical study of two material platforms, MoS2@PANI and MoS2 ex@PANI, in a weakly acidic medium of 1 M H3PO4. The unique structure of MoS2 ex@PANI nanocomposite maximizes the ionic contact between the exfoliated MoS2 and PANI with electrolyte, which synergistically combines the double-layer and pseudocapacitive behavior of the individual compounds, thereby improving the conductivity and energy storage performance. The binary exfoliated composite electrodes revealed an excellent specific capacitance of 277 F g−1 at a scan rate of 5 mV s−1 superior to that of the MoS2@PANI electrode. A symmetric supercapacitor device was successfully developed and achieved improved capacitance of 128 F g−1 with impressive cyclic stability (98%) even after 15,000 cycles. The MoS2 ex@PANI nanocomposite becomes a future solution for existing supercapacitor electrodes for energy storage in lightweight wearable electronics.

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Acknowledgements

This research work was supported by DST-FIST, Centre for Common Instrumentation Facility (CCIF), Govt. College for Women Thiruvananthapuram, and Government project ‘‘Performance Linked Encouragement for Academic Studies Endeavor (PLEASE)” for instrumentation. One of the authors (Merin Tomy) thanks the University of Kerala for the scholarship.

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  1. Department of Physics, Centre for Advanced Materials Research, Government College for Women, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India

    Merin Tomy, M. A. Anu & T. S. Xavier

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  1. Merin Tomy
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MT designed and performed experiments, analysis of results, and manuscript writing. AMA aided in interpreting results and worked on the manuscript. XTS supervision and editing.

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Correspondence to T. S. Xavier.

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Tomy, M., Anu, M.A. & Xavier, T.S. Effect of chemical exfoliation on the specific capacitance of MoS2 decorated conducting polymer electrodes for supercapacitor applications. Appl. Phys. A 129, 818 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-023-07098-8

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