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Anatomical Road Mapping Using CT and MR Enterography for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging of Small Bowel Inflammation in Swine

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Abstract

Objectives

To evaluate the feasibility and time saving of fusing CT and MR enterography with ultrasound for ultrasound molecular imaging (USMI) of inflammation in an acute small bowel inflammation of swine.

Methods

Nine swine with ileitis were scanned with either CT (n = 3) or MR (n = 6) enterography. Imaging times to load CT/MR images onto a clinical ultrasound machine, fuse them to ultrasound with an anatomical landmark-based approach, and identify ileitis were compared to the imaging times without anatomical road mapping. Inflammation was then assessed by USMI using dual selectin-targeted (MBSelectin) and control (MBControl) contrast agents in diseased and healthy control bowel segments, followed by ex vivo histology.

Results

Cross-sectional image fusion with ultrasound was feasible with an alignment error of 13.9 ± 9.7 mm. Anatomical road mapping significantly reduced (P < 0.001) scanning times by 40%. Localising ileitis was achieved within 1.0 min. Subsequently performed USMI demonstrated significantly (P < 0.001) higher imaging signal using MBSelectin compared to MBControl and histology confirmed a significantly higher inflammation score (P = 0.006) and P- and E-selectin expression (P ≤ 0.02) in inflamed vs. healthy bowel.

Conclusions

Fusion of CT and MR enterography data sets with ultrasound in real time is feasible and allows rapid anatomical localisation of ileitis for subsequent quantification of inflammation using USMI.

Key Points

• Real-time fusion of CT/MRI with ultrasound to localise ileitis is feasible.

• Anatomical road mapping using CT/MRI significantly decreases the scanning time for USMI.

• USMI allows quantification of inflammation in swine, verified with ex vivo histology.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Rebecca Fahrig, PhD, and the Zeego Laboratory at Stanford University for the C-arm CT imaging technical support.

Funding

This study has received funding by NIH R01DK092509 grant (JKW).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Room H1307, Stanford, CA, 94305-5621, USA

    Huaijun Wang, Valentina Taviani, Jianhua Zhou, Rosa Maria Silveira Sigrist, Huiping Zhang, Joy Liau, Brian A. Hargreaves, Amelie M. Lutz & Jürgen K. Willmann

  2. Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

    Stephen A. Felt, José G. Vilches-Moure & Yamil Saenz

  3. Siemens Healthcare, Ultrasound Business Unit, Mountain View, CA, USA

    Ismayil Guracar

  4. Department of Health, Research & Policy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

    Lu Tian

  5. Bracco Suisse SA, Geneva, Switzerland

    Thierry Bettinger

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  1. Huaijun Wang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jürgen K. Willmann.

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The scientific guarantor of this publication is Jürgen K. Willmann.

Conflict of interest:

The authors of this manuscript except T.B. declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article. T.B. is an employee of Bracco Suisse SA. Bracco Suisse SA only provided the contrast agents used in this study, but was not involved in planning and performing of the study, nor in analyzing or interpretation of the data.

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Approval from the institutional animal care committee was obtained.

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Wang, H., Felt, S.A., Guracar, I. et al. Anatomical Road Mapping Using CT and MR Enterography for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging of Small Bowel Inflammation in Swine. Eur Radiol 28, 2068–2076 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-017-5148-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-017-5148-6

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