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Improved detection of focal pneumonia by chest radiography with bone suppression imaging

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Abstract

Objective

To evaluate radiologists’ ability to detect focal pneumonia by use of standard chest radiographs alone compared with standard plus bone-suppressed chest radiographs.

Methods

Standard chest radiographs in 36 patients with 46 focal airspace opacities due to pneumonia (10 patients had bilateral opacities) and 20 patients without focal opacities were included in an observer study. A bone suppression image processing system was applied to the 56 radiographs to create corresponding bone suppression images. In the observer study, eight observers, including six attending radiologists and two radiology residents, indicated their confidence level regarding the presence of a focal opacity compatible with pneumonia for each lung, first by use of standard images, then with the addition of bone suppression images. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the observers’ performance.

Results

The mean value of the area under the ROC curve (AUC) for eight observers was significantly improved from 0.844 with use of standard images alone to 0.880 with standard plus bone suppression images (P < 0.001) based on 46 positive lungs and 66 negative lungs.

Conclusion

Use of bone suppression images improved radiologists’ performance for detection of focal pneumonia on chest radiographs.

Key Points

• Bone suppression image processing can be applied to conventional digital radiography systems.

• Bone suppression imaging (BSI) produces images that appear similar to dual-energy soft tissue images.

• BSI improves the conspicuity of focal lung disease by minimizing bone opacity.

• BSI can improve the accuracy of radiologists in detecting focal pneumonia.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Alexandra Funaki, DO, Aswin Krishnamorthy, MD, Bin Jiang, MD, Ping Li, MD, Yonglin Pu, MD, Christopher Straus, MD, William Whetsell, MD, and Steven M. Zangan, MD for participating as observers; and to Charles E. Metz, PhD, for his critique and suggestions regarding ROC analysis. This work was supported in part by a research grant from Riverain Technologies. H. MacMahon is a shareholder of Hologic/R2 Technology, Inc., Los Altos, CA and a consultant for Riverain Technologies, Miamisburg, OH. F. Li, R. Engelmann, S.G. Armato, and H. MacMahon receive royalties through the University of Chicago for CAD technologies developed at the University of Chicago that have been licensed to R2 Technology (now Hologic), Deus Technologies, Riverain Medical, Mitsubishi Space Software Co., Median Technologies, General Electric Corporation, and Toshiba Corporation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, MC-2026, The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

    Feng Li, Roger Engelmann, Lorenzo Pesce, Samuel G. Armato III & Heber MacMahon

Authors
  1. Feng Li
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  2. Roger Engelmann
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  3. Lorenzo Pesce
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  4. Samuel G. Armato III
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  5. Heber MacMahon
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Correspondence to Feng Li.

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Li, F., Engelmann, R., Pesce, L. et al. Improved detection of focal pneumonia by chest radiography with bone suppression imaging. Eur Radiol 22, 2729–2735 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-012-2550-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-012-2550-y

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