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Methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid elicitation induces ginsenosides accumulation, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant in suspension culture Panax ginseng roots in bioreactors

  • Biotic and Abiotic Stress
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Abstract

The effects of methyl jasmonate (MJ) and salicylic acid (SA) on changes of the activities of major antioxidant enzymes, superoxide anion accumulation (O2 −), ascorbate, total glutathione (TG), malondialdehyde (MDA) content and ginsenoside accumulation were investigated in ginseng roots (Panax ginseng L.) in 4 l (working volume) air lift bioreactors. Single treatment of 200 μM MJ and SA to P. ginseng roots enhanced ginsenoside accumulation compared to the control and harvested 3, 5, 7 and 9 days after treatment. MJ and SA treatment induced an oxidative stress in P. ginseng roots, as shown by an increase in lipid peroxidation due to rise in O2 − accumulation. Activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was inhibited in MJ-treated roots, while the activities of monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), SOD, guaiacol peroxidase (G-POD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) were induced in SA-treated roots. A strong decrease in the activity of catalase (CAT) was obtained in both MJ- and SA-treated roots. Activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione S transferase (GST) were higher in MJ than SA while the contents of reduced ascorbate (ASC), redox state (ASC/(ASC+DHA)) and TG were higher in SA- than MJ-treated roots while oxidized ascorbate (DHA) decreased in both cases. The result of these analyses suggests that roots are better protected against the O2 − stress, thus mitigating MJ and SA stress. The information obtained in this work is useful for efficient large-scale production of ginsenoside by plant-root cultures.

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Abbreviations

APX:

Ascorbate peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.11)

CAT:

Catalase (EC 1.11.1.6)

CBN:

Chungbuk National University Line 1

DHAR:

Dehydroascorbate reductase (EC 1.8.5.1)

DHA:

Dehydroascorbate

GST:

Glutathione-S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18)

GPx:

Glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.12)

GR:

Glutathione reductase (EC 1.6.4.2)

G-POD:

Guaiacol peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7)

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

MDHAR:

Monodehydroascorbate reductase (EC 1.6.5.4)

NBT:

Nitroblue tetrazolium

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

ASC:

Reduced ascorbate

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1)

XTT:

Sodium,3,-[1-[phenylamino-carbonyl]-3,4-tetrazolium]-bis (4-methoxy-6-nitro) benzene-sulfonic acid hydrate.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financed by the Korean Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) and BioGreen 21 project (RDA) through Research Center for the Development of Advanced Horticultural Technology at Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju 361-763, Republic of Korea. This work was also financially supported by the Ministry Of Education and Human Resources Development (MOE), the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy (MOCIE) and the Ministry of Labour (MOLAB), Republic of Korea through the fostering project of the Lab of Excellency.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Center for the Development of Advanced Horticultural Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju, 361-763, Republic of Korea

    Mohammad Babar Ali, Kee-Won Yu, Eun-Joo Hahn & Kee-Yoeup Paek

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  1. Mohammad Babar Ali
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  2. Kee-Won Yu
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  3. Eun-Joo Hahn
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  4. Kee-Yoeup Paek
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Correspondence to Kee-Yoeup Paek.

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Communicated by H. van Onckelen

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Ali, M.B., Yu, KW., Hahn, EJ. et al. Methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid elicitation induces ginsenosides accumulation, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant in suspension culture Panax ginseng roots in bioreactors. Plant Cell Rep 25, 613–620 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-005-0065-6

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