Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the anxiety, depression and quality of life scores of children and adolescents diagnosed with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) and compare these scores with the ones of healthy controls. The study group comprised of 130 children and adolescents diagnosed with FMF with a mean age of 12.6 ± 2.58 and control group comprised of 121 healthy controls with a mean age of 11.8 ± 2.84. Both groups were evaluated with child depression inventory (CDI), screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders (SCARED), pediatric quality of life inventory TM 4.0 (PedsQL™ 4.0) questionnaires. The severity of FMF was assessed by Pras scoring system as mild, moderate and severe disease. The comparisons of these three subgroups of FMF were made in terms of anxiety, depression and quality of life. Children and adolescents with FMF had significantly higher median scores of anxiety than healthy controls. The median scores of depression and quality of life were similar between both groups. Patients with a depression score of 19 or above had significantly higher scores of anxiety and longer duration of disease than the patients with a depression score below 19. While the patients with a severe course of FMF had higher median scores of depression and anxiety, they had significantly lower median scores of quality of life. According to our evaluation, patients with FMF had higher anxiety scores and as the disease become severe, not only anxiety scores but also features of depression become overt. An early apprehension of the mood changes of these patients may have a positive influence in the management of FMF. So, a close collaboration between child and adolescent psychiatrist and pediatric rheumatologist is essential for all over well-being of children and adolescents with FMF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Chetrit E, Touitou I (2009) Familial Mediterranean fever in the world. Arthritis Care Res 61:1447–1453
Benton T, Staab J, Evans DL (2007) Medical co-morbidity in depressive disorders. Ann Clin Psychiatry 19:289–303
Stoudemire A (1996) Epidemiology and psychopharmacology of anxiety in medical patients. J Clin Psychiatry 57(64–72):3–5
Mancuso CA, Peterson MG, Charlson ME (2000) Effects of depressive symptoms on health-related quality of life in asthma patients. J Gen Intern Med 15:301–310
Ozcetin A, Ataoglu S, Kocer E, Yazycy S, Yildiz O, Ataoglu A et al (2007) Effects of depression and anxiety on quality of life of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, knee osteoarthritis and fibromyalgia syndrome. West Indian Med J 56:122–129
Burckhardt CS, Clark S, Bennett R (1993) Fibromyalgia and quality of life: a comparative analysis. J Rheumatol 20:475–479
Shakra M, Mader R, Langevitz P, Friger M, Codish S, Neumann L et al (1999) Quality of life in systemic lupus erythematosus: a controlled study. Learning 5(1):7
Sohar E, Gafni J, Pras M, Heller H (1967) Familial Mediterranean fever. A survey of 470 cases and review of the literature. Am J Med 43(2):227–253
Pras E, Livneh A, Balow JE Jr, Kastner DL, Pras M, Langevitz P (1998) Clinical differences between North African and Iraqi Jews with familial Mediterranean fever. Am J Med Genet 75:216–219
Oy B (1991) Children’s depression inventory: depression scale for children: study of validity and reliability. Turkish J Psychiatry 2:132–137
Bang YR, Park JH, Kim SH (2015) Cut-off scores of the children's depression inventory for screening and rating severity in Korean adolescents. Psychiatry Investig 12:23–28
Karaceylan Cakmakci F, Agaoglu B, Karakaya I, Coskun A (2005) Screening instrument for children anxiety disorders: study of validity and reliability. 15th National Congress of Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Disorders, Istanbul
Varni JW, Seid M, Kurtin PS (2001) PedsQL™ 4.0: Reliability and validity of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ Version 4.0 Generic Core Scales in healthy and patient populations. Med Care 39:800–812
Memik NC, Agaoglu B, Coskun A, Uneri OS, Karakaya I (2007) The validity and reliability of the Turkish Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory for children 13–18 years old. Turkish J Psychiatry 18:353
Giese A et al (2017) Anxiety and depression in adult patients with familial Mediterranean fever: a study comparing patients living in Germany and Turkey. Int J Rheum Dis 20:2093–2100
Makay B, Emiroğlu N, Ünsal E (2010) Depression and anxiety in children and adolescents with familial Mediterranean fever. Clin Rheumatol 29:375–379
Deger SM et al (2011) Health-related quality of life and its associations with mood condition in familial Mediterranean fever patients. Rheumatol Int 31:623–628
Sherbourne CD et al (1996) Comorbid anxiety disorder and the functioning and well-being of chronically ill patients of general medical providers. Arch Gen Psychiatry 53:889–895
Buskila D et al (1997) Quality of life of patients with familial Mediterranean fever. Clin Exp Rheumatol 15:355–360
Sahin S et al (2013) Assesment life quality of familial Mediterranean fever patients by short form-36 and its relationship with disease parameters. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 17:958–963
Guler T et al (2018) Quality of life in Turkish patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever: association with fatigue, psychological status, disease severity and other clinical parameters. Egypt Rheumatol 40:117–121
Lidar M, Yonath H (2012) Shechter N et al Incomplete response to colchicine in M694V homozygote FMF patients. Autoimmun Rev 12:72–76
Funding
None.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
AOS conceptualized and designed the study, drafted the initial manuscript, and had full access to all the data in the study; HES designed the study, conducted the data analyses, drafted the initial manuscript, and had full access to all the data in the study; MC and MY drafted the initial manuscript; NAA conceptualized and designed the study, drafted the final manuscript, and had full access to all the data in the study and all authors reviewed and revised the manuscript and approved the final manuscript as submitted and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Ethical approval
The study was reviewed and approved by the local ethical committee (Ethics approval number: 31.03.2016, protocol number: 2016/5).
Informed consent
The parents/patients gave consent approving to be a participant of this study.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sönmez, A.Ö., Sönmez, H.E., Çakan, M. et al. The evaluation of anxiety, depression and quality of life scores of children and adolescents with familial Mediterranean fever. Rheumatol Int 40, 757–763 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-020-04519-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-020-04519-2