Abstract
Background
Odontogenic tumors (OTs) comprise a group of heterogeneous lesions ranging from hamartomatous or non-neoplastic tissue proliferation to benign or malignant neoplasms with metastatic potential. OTs are derived from epithelial, ectomesenchymal, and/or mesenchymal elements of tooth-forming (“odontogenic”) tissues, which show variable clinical and histopathological features.
Objective
Herein, the authors summarize the World Health Organization (WHO) 2022 classification of OTs and further highlight diagnostic tips and differential clues for the most common OTs.
Conclusion
OTs may not be commonly encountered in the daily practice of many pathologists. This makes their diagnosis challenging as there is little practice in understanding the features required for their classification. However, diagnosing the vast majority of these lesions is not difficult provided the following aspects are considered: 1) the general knowledge of tooth development; 2) a few key histological observations; 3) very basic knowledge of the clinical and especially the radiographic features with which they are associated.
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Odontogene Tumoren (OT) umfassen eine Gruppe heterogener Läsionen, die von hamartomatösen oder nichtneoplastischen Gewebeproliferationen bis hin zu benignen oder malignen Neoplasmen mit Metastasierungspotenzial reichen. OT entstehen aus epithelialen, ektomesenchymalen und/oder mesenchymalen Elementen zahnbildender („odontogener“) Gewebe und weisen unterschiedliche klinische und histopathologische Merkmale auf.
Ziel der Arbeit
Die Autoren haben hier die Klassifikation der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) aus dem Jahr 2022 für OT zusammengefasst wie auch diagnostische Hinweise und Differenzialdiagnosen für OT aufgezeigt.
Schlussfolgerung
In der täglichen Praxis vieler Pathologen sind OT nicht unbedingt häufig anzutreffen. Dies macht ihre Diagnose schwierig, da es wenig Erfahrungen im Verständnis der für ihre Klassifizierung erforderlichen Merkmale gibt. Die Diagnose der überwiegenden Mehrheit dieser Läsionen ist jedoch nicht schwierig, wenn man Folgendes berücksichtigt: 1) das allgemeine Wissen über die Zahnentwicklung, 2) einige wichtige histologische Beobachtungen, 3) sehr grundlegende Kenntnisse der klinischen und insbesondere der röntgenologischen Merkmale, mit denen sie einhergehen.
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S. E. Gültekin and R. Büttner declare that they have no competing interests.
For this article no studies with human participants or animals were performed by any of the authors. All studies mentioned were in accordance with the ethical standards indicated in each case.
The supplement containing this article is not sponsored by industry.
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Gültekin, S.E., Büttner, R. Clinical and pathomorphological aspects of odontogenic tumors. Pathologie 43 (Suppl 1), 86–93 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00292-022-01150-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00292-022-01150-9