Skip to main content
Log in

Spermatozytäres Seminom

Ein Tumor mit vielen Gesichtern

Spermatocytic seminoma

A tumor with many faces

  • Schwerpunkt
  • Published:
Der Pathologe Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Zusammenfassung

Mit einer Inzidenz von 0,3–0,8/1 Mio. sind spermatozytäre Seminome (SpS) eine echte Rarität. Sie sind nicht, wie es der Name vermuten lässt, eine Variante des klassischen Seminoms, sondern eine nosologische Entität, die sich epidemiologisch, pathogenetisch, morphologisch und klinisch von allen übrigen Keimzelltumoren deutlich unterscheidet. Rassenunterschiede und Risikofaktoren sind für diesen Tumor unbekannt. Die Patienten sind mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 53,5 Jahren zwar deutlich älter als die der anderen Keimzelltumoren, gut ein Viertel ist aber jünger als 40 Jahre.

SpS entstehen aus differenzierten Spermatogonien und nicht aus einer intratubulären Keimzellneoplasie. Eine wesentliche Rolle spielt dabei das stets überzählige Chromosom 9. Morphologisch besteht das konventionelle SpS aus 3 sehr unterschiedlichen Zelltypen, die dem Tumor ein ausgesprochen bösartiges Aussehen verleihen, tatsächlich sind aber nur wenige Fälle bekannt, die mit allgemeiner Metastasierung einhergingen. Ähnlich gutartig verhalten sich auch die meisten anaplastischen SpS, eine neuentdeckte Variante des konventionellen Typs. Äußerst bösartig sind hingegen die SpS, die mit einem Sarkom einhergehen.

Abstract

Spermatocytic seminomas affect 0.3–0.8 per one million men. This tumor is not, as the name might suggest, a variant of classical seminoma but a distinct nosological entity, which differs markedly from all other germ cell tumors in its epidemiology, peculiar morphology, oncogenesis and clinical outcome. There are no racial differences in the incidence and risk factors are completely unknown. Patients are significantly older than is the case for other germ cell tumors with an average of 53.5 years; nevertheless, more than 25 % are younger than 40 years. Spermatocytic seminoma arises from differentiated spermatogonia, not from intratubular germ cell neoplasms. The tumor-specific gain of chromosome 9 seems to be the most important event in the oncogenesis. Conventional spermatocytic seminoma consists of three different cell types which give the tumor a highly aggressive appearance, although in actual fact, the tumor has a very favorable outcome, with few reported cases of general metastatic spread. Anaplastic spermatocytic seminoma, a recently described variant, also takes mostly a benign course; however, spermatocytic seminomas combined with sarcomas are extremely malignant.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Abb. 1
Abb. 2
Abb. 3
Abb. 4

Notes

  1. Mitteilung des behandelnden Arztes PD Dr. H. Steiner – Urologische Universitätsklinik Innsbruck.

Literatur

  1. Albores-Savedra J, Huffman H, Alvarado-Cabrero I, Ayala AG (1996) Anaplastic variant of spermatocytic seminoma. Hum Pathol 27:650–655

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Burke AP, Mostofi FK (1988) Placental alkaline phosphatase immunohistochemistry of intratubulär malignant germ cells and associated testicular germ cell tumors. Hum Pathol 19:663–670

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Bush JM, Gardiner DW, Palmer JS et al (2011) Testicular germ cell tumours in dogs are predominantly of spermatocytic seminoma type and are frequently associated with somatic cell tumours. Int J Androl 34:e288–e295

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Cao D, Li J, Guo CC et al (2009) SALL4 is a novel diagnostic marker for testicular germ cell tumors. Am J Surg Pathol 33:1065–1077

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Carriere P, Baade P, Fritschi L (2007) Population based incidence and age distribution of spermatocytic seminoma. J Urol 178:125–128

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Chung PW, Bayley AJ, Sweet J et al (2004) Spermatocytic seminoma: a review. Eur Urol 45:495–498

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Decaussin M, Borda A, Bouvier R et al (2004) Le séminome spermatocytaire. Ann Pathol 24:161–166

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Eble JN (1994) Spermatocytic seminoma. Hum Pathol 25:1035–1042

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Eildermann K, Aeckerle N, Debowski K et al (2012) Developmental expression of the pluripotency factor sal-like protein 4 in the monkey, human and mouse testis: restriction to premeiotic germ cells. Cells Tissues Organs 196:206–220

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Jørgensen A, Nielsen JE, Almstrup K et al (2013) Dysregulation of the mitosis-meiosis switch in testicular carcinoma in situ. J Pathol 229:588–598

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Kraggerud SM, Berner A, Bryne M et al (1999) Spermatocytic seminoma as compared to classical seminoma: an immunohistochemical and DNA flow cytometric study. APMIS 107:297–302

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Lim J, Goriely A, Turner GD et al (2011) OCT2, SSX and SAGE1 reveal the phenotypic heterogeneity of spermatocytic seminoma reflecting distinct subpopulations of spermatogonia. J Pathol 224:473–483

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Lombardi M, Valli M, Brisigotti M, Rosai H (2012) Spermatocytic seminoma: review of the literature and description of a new case of the anaplastic variant. Int J Surg Pathol 19:5–10

    Google Scholar 

  14. Looijenga LH, Hersmus R, Gillis AJ et al (2006) Genomic and expression profiling of human spermatocytic seminomas: primary spermatocyte as tumorigenic precursor and DMRT1 as candidate chromosome 9 gene. Cancer Res 66:290–302

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Masson P (1946) Étude sur le séminome. Rev Can Biol 5:361–387

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Mikuz G, Colecchia M (2007) Tumors of the testis and paratesticular structures. In: Mikuz G (Hrsg) Clinical pathology of urologic tumors. Informa Healthcare, London, S 174

  17. Mikuz G, Böhm GW, Behrend M et al (2014) Therapy-resistant metastasizing anaplastic spermatocytic semionoma – a cytogenetical hybrid. Anal Quant Cytol Histol (in Druck)

  18. Morroni M, Cangiotti AM, Marzioni D et al (2008) Intermitochondrial cement (nuage) in a spermatocytic seminoma: comparison with classical seminoma and normal testis. Virchows Arch 453:189–196

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Ondruš D, Ondrušová M, Stastná V (2013) Bilateral germ-cell testicular cancer -long-term experience. Klin Onkol 26:421–424

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Rosai J, Khodadoust K, Silber I (1969) Spermatocytic seminoma. I. Ultrastructural study. Cancer 24:103–116

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Steiner H, Gozzi C, Verdorfer I et al (2006) Spermatocytic seminoma – an extremely rare disease. Eur Urol 49:183–186

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Stevens MJ, Gildersleve J, Jameson CF, Horwich A (1993) Spermatocytic seminoma in a maldescended testis. Br J Urol 72:657–659

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Takahashi H, Aizawa S, Konishi E et al (1993) Cytofluorometric analysis of spermatocytic seminoma. Cancer 72:549–552

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Talerman A (1980) Spermatocytic seminoma, clinicopathologicsl study of 22 cases. Cancer 45:2169–2176

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Trivedi P, Pasricha S, Gupta A (2011) Spermatocytic seminoma associated with undifferentiated sarcoma: a rare case report. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 54:138–140

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Verdorfer I, Rogatsch H, Tzankov A et al (2004) Molecular cytogenetic analysis of human spermatocytic seminomas. J Pathol 204:277–281

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Whetherell D, Lawrentschuk N, Gyomber D (2012) Spermatocytic seminoma with sarcoma: an indication for adjuvant chemotherapy in localized disease. Korean J Urol 54:884–887

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Xu N, Li F, Tian R et al (2013) A rare case of bilateral sequential spermatocytic seminoma. World J Surg Oncol 11:175

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien

Interessenkonflikt. G. Mikuz gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to G. Mikuz.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Mikuz, G. Spermatozytäres Seminom. Pathologe 35, 232–237 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00292-014-1899-x

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00292-014-1899-x

Schlüsselwörter

Keywords

Navigation