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Development of PAMAM dendrimer-modified magnetic chitosan: a novel platform for α-amylase immobilization

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Abstract

The two generations of PAMAM-modified magnetic chitosan have been synthesized and are employed as enzyme carriers due to their biocompatibility and high affinity toward the biomolecules. This is the first attempt to use these carriers in the field of enzyme immobilization and is found to be about 93.95% immobilization efficiency by adsorption with second generation of the modified dendritic polymer (CSM-PAMAM G2). Here, α-amylase was also immobilized on CSM-PAMAM G2 by covalent binding method using gluteraldehyde as cross-linking agent in the range of 0.1–1% and found to be optimum immobilized enzyme activity at 0.4% which has been taken for further experimental studies. The immobilized enzymes by both methods have shown wider range of pH stability and exhibited about 60–75% of relative activity at pH 9. They have demonstrated broader temperature stability, and both have shown optimum activity at 60 °C. The effect of polymer concentration on enzyme activity was studied, and the optimum value is found to be at 0.2 g/mL. They have acquired about 85–90% of thermal stability due to their adequate conformational stability that protect from thermal unfolding. The km values 0.53 ± 0.04, 0.85 ± 0.03 and Vmax values 23.25 ± 0.04, 16.67 ± 0.06 for adsorbed and covalently immobilized enzyme confirmed their high affinity and improved activity. They retained 40–60% of relative activities after six months of storage, and the remarkable reuse assay was found to be that the carriers are very easy to handle due to their magnetic separation which will extend their application in many industrial fields.

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Abbreviations

CSM:

Magnetic chitosan

PAMAM:

Polyamidoamine

CSM-PAMAM G1:

First generation of PAMAM modified magnetic chitosan

CSM-PAMAM G2:

Second generation of PAMAM modified magnetic chitosan

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank for the financial support granted by UGC-SRF.

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  1. Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 22, Kochi, Kerala, India

    Bindu Vadakethil Unniganapathi & V. Mohanan Puzhavoorparambil

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  1. Bindu Vadakethil Unniganapathi
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  2. V. Mohanan Puzhavoorparambil
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Correspondence to V. Mohanan Puzhavoorparambil.

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Unniganapathi, B.V., Mohanan Puzhavoorparambil, V. Development of PAMAM dendrimer-modified magnetic chitosan: a novel platform for α-amylase immobilization. Polym. Bull. 79, 9025–9042 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-021-03945-x

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