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Complications after posterior dislocation of the hip

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Abstract

Thirty-five consecutive patients with unilateral posterior dislocation of the hip were studied for complications at an average follow-up of 4.6 years (range 2–10 years). Thompson–Epstein type IV dislocation was most frequent (10/35), reflecting an increase in high-speed motor vehicles in the developing countries. It is also a severe injury that leads to a maximum number of complications, which include avascular necrosis, osteoarthosis, sciatic nerve injury and heterotrophic ossification. Avascular necrosis and osteoarthritis of the hip were observed maximally in type IV patients, even when reduction was achieved in less than twelve hours and may reflect the severity of initial injury. Heterotrophic ossification was observed in five of the ten patients with type IV dislocation and was associated with multiple attempts at reduction. Sciatic nerve injury did not recover completely in all cases, especially when reduction was delayed over twelve hours. Observing that the greatest numbers of complications were seen among patients with type IV dislocations, it may be prudent to warn such individuals about the likely prognosis at the outset, especially in today’s world when the demands and expectations are high.

Résumé

35 patients consécutifs présentant une luxation postérieure de la hanche ont été étudiés avec un recul moyen de 4,6 ans (2 à 10 ans). Les luxations de type 4 de Thompson–Epstein sont les plus fréquentes (10/35) et sont le reflet de l’augmentation de la vitesse des véhicules à moteur dans les pays développés. Il s’agit également de traumatismes sévères qui ont conduit la plupart du temps à des complications de nécroses avasculaires, de lésions dégénératives, de lésions du nerf sciatique et d’ossification hétérotopique. Ce sont les traumatismes sévères qui ont été à l’origine du maximum de complications. Les nécroses avasculaires et les arthroses de hanche sont surtout observées chez les patients de type IV, même si la réduction a été réalisée avant 12 heures. Les ossifications hétérotopique sont été observées chez 5 patients sur 10, notamment dans les luxations de type 4, les lésions du nerf sciatique n’ont jamais récupéré complètement surtout lorsque la réduction a été retardée après 12 heures. Il faut remarquer que le plus grand nombre de complications ont été observées chez les patients dont la luxation était de type IV. Il est plus prudent dans ce cas là de faire part du pronostic réservé à ces patients, d’autant plus que la demande et l’attente d’un résultat parfait est très importante dans le monde d’aujourd’hui.

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Correspondence to A. J. Dwyer.

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Dwyer, A.J., John, B., Singh, S.A. et al. Complications after posterior dislocation of the hip. International Orthopaedics (SICO 30, 224–227 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-005-0056-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-005-0056-9

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