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Enzymes useful for chiral compound synthesis: structural biology, directed evolution, and protein engineering for industrial use

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Abstract

Biocatalysts (enzymes) have many advantages as catalysts for the production of useful compounds as compared to chemical catalysts. The stereoselectivity of the enzymes is one advantage, and thus the stereoselective production of chiral compounds using enzymes is a promising approach. Importantly, industrial application of the enzymes for chiral compound production requires the discovery of a novel useful enzyme or enzyme function; furthermore, improving the enzyme properties through protein engineering and directed evolution approaches is significant. In this review, the significance of several enzymes showing stereoselectivity (quinuclidinone reductase, aminoalcohol dehydrogenase, old yellow enzyme, and threonine aldolase) in chiral compound production is described, and the improvement of these enzymes using protein engineering and directed evolution approaches for further usability is discussed. Currently, enzymes are widely used as catalysts for the production of chiral compounds; however, for further use of enzymes in chiral compound production, improvement of enzymes should be more essential, as well as discovery of novel enzymes and enzyme functions.

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Acknowledgments

This review included the results obtained by the Targeted Proteins Research Program (TPRP) of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan (MEXT).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuencho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan

    Michihiko Kataoka

  2. Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan

    Takuya Miyakawa & Masaru Tanokura

  3. Faculty of Bioenvironmental Science, Kyoto Gakuen University, Sogabe-cho, Kameoka, 621-8555, Japan

    Sakayu Shimizu

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  1. Michihiko Kataoka
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  2. Takuya Miyakawa
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Correspondence to Michihiko Kataoka.

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Kataoka, M., Miyakawa, T., Shimizu, S. et al. Enzymes useful for chiral compound synthesis: structural biology, directed evolution, and protein engineering for industrial use. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 100, 5747–5757 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-016-7603-8

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