Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Seed-borne nature of a begomovirus, Mung bean yellow mosaic virus in black gram

  • Applied microbial and cell physiology
  • Published:
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The yellow mosaic viruses (YMV) infecting legumes are considered to be the most devastating begomoviruses as they incite considerable yield loss. The yellow discoloration of pods and seeds of infected plants and symptom emergence in the very first trifoliate leaf of the plants in the field were suggestive that the virus may be seed borne, which was investigated in the present study. The distribution of the virus in various parts of the seeds of black gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) plants naturally infected in the field was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Southern blot analysis, and sequencing. Nucleotide sequencing of the PCR amplicons from the seed parts from groups of ten seeds revealed the presence of mung bean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) in the seed coat, cotyledon, and embryonic axes. The presence of virion particles was confirmed through double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) and immunosorbent electron microscopy (ISEM) even in a single whole seed. In confocal microscopy, positive fluorescent signals were obtained using coat protein gene-specific primers in the embryonic axes. However, in the growth tests performed with the same batch of seeds, there was no symptom development in the seedlings though the virus (both DNA A and B components) was detected in 32 % of tested seedlings. In this study, the MYMV was detected in seed coat, cotyledon, and embryo. This study revealed that the MYMV is a seed-borne virus.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Barnabas AD, Radhakrishnan GK, Usha R (2010) Characterization of a begomovirus causing horsegram yellow mosaic disease in India. Eur J Plant Pathol 127:41–51

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bennett CW (1936) Further studies on the relation of the curly top virus to plant tissues. J Agric Res 53:595–620

    Google Scholar 

  • Costa AS (1955) Studies of Abutilon mosaic in Brazil. Phytopathology 24:97–112

    Google Scholar 

  • de Silva DPP, Jones P, Shaw MW (2002) Identification and transmission of piper yellow mottle virus and cucumber mosaic virus infecting black pepper (Piper nigrum) in Sri Lanka. Plant Pathol 51:537–545

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fauquet CM, Bisaro DM, Briddon RW, Brown J, Harrison BD, Rybicki EP, Stenger DC, Stanley J (2003) Revision of taxonomic criteria for species demarcation in the family Geminiviridae, and an updated list of begomovirus species. Arch Virol 148:405–421

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Feinberg AP, Vogelstain B (1983) A technique for radiolabelling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity. Ann Biochem 132:6–13

  • Haible D, Kober S, Jeske H (2006) Rolling circle amplification revolutionizes diagnosis and genomics of geminiviruses. J Vir Meth 135:9–16

  • Hull R (2002) Matthews’s plant virology. Academic, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Jakowitsch J, Mette MF, van der Winden J, Matzke MA, Matzke AJM (1999) Integrated pararetroviral sequences define a unique class of dispersed repetitive DNA in plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96:13241–13246

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Keur JY (1934) Studies of the occurrence of and transmission of virus diseases in the genus Abutilon. Bull Torrey Bot Club 61:53–70

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kings AMQ, Adams MJ, Carstens EB, Lefkowitz EJ (2011) Virus taxonomy. Ninth report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego

    Google Scholar 

  • Macanawai A, Ebenebe HD, Devitt L, Hafner G, Harding R (2005) Investigations into the seed and mealybug transmission of Taro bacilliform virus. Aust J Plant Pathol 34:73–76

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Malathi VG (2007) Genetic identity of yellow mosaic viruses infecting legumes and their phylogenetic relationship. Indian Phytopathol 60:143–155

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maruthi MN, Rekha AR, Govindappa MR, Colvin J, Muniyappa V (2006) A distinct begomovirus causes Indian dolichos yellow mosaic disease. Plant Pathol 55:290

    Google Scholar 

  • Mink GI (1993) Pollen and seed transmitted viruses and viroids. Annu Rev Phytopathol 31:375–402

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Moringa T, Ikegami M, Miura KI (1993) The nucleotide sequence and genome structure of mungbean yellow mosaic geminivirus. Microbiol Immunol 37:471–476

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Naimuddin AM, Pratap A, Chaubey BK, John JK (2011) PCR based identification of the virus causing yellow mosaic disease in wild Vigna accessions. J Food Leg 24:14–17

    Google Scholar 

  • Nene YL (1973) Viral diseases of some warm weather pulse crops in India. Plant Dis Rep 57:463–467

    Google Scholar 

  • Nolan PA, Campbell RN (1984) Squash mosaic virus detection in individual seeds and seed lots of cucurbits by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Plant Dis 68:971–975

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pahalawatta V, Druffel K, Pappu HR (2007) Seed transmission of Dahlia mosaic virus in Dahlia pinnata. Plant Dis 91:88–91

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paximadis M, Dusterwald G, Duyver L, Rey MEC (1997) Preliminary investigation of the causal agent(s) of a disease causing leaf curl of tobacco in South Africa. Plant Pathol 46:282–290

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Quainoo AK, Wetten AC, Allainguillaume J (2008) Transmission of Cocoa swollen shoot virus by seeds. J Vir Meth 150:45–49

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rojas MR, Hagen C, Lucas WJ, Gilbertson RL (2005) Exploiting chinks in the plant’s armor: evolution and emergence of geminiviruses. Annu Rev Phytopathol 43:361–394

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rouhibakhsh A, Priya J, Periasamy M, Haq QMI, Malathi VG (2008) An improved DNA isolation method and PCR protocol for efficient detection of multicomponents of begomovirus in legume. J Vir Meth 147:37–42

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sambrook J, Fritsch EF, Maniatis T (1989) Molecular cloning a laboratory manual, vol I, 2nd edn. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor

    Google Scholar 

  • Scott LM, Lockhart BEL, Olszewski NE (1992) The Commelina yellow mottle virus promoter is a strong promoter in vascular and reproductive tissues. Plant Cell 4:185–192

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thomson KG, Dietzgen RG, Thomas JE, Teakle DS (1996) Detection of pineapple bacilliform virus using the polymerase chain reaction. Ann Appl Biol 129:57–69

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Usharani KS, Surendranath B, Haq QMR, Malathi VG (2004) Yellow mosaic virus infecting soybean in Northern India is distinct from the species infecting soybean in Southern and Western India. Curr Sci 86:845–850

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Varma A, Dhar AK, Mandal B (1992) MYMV transmission and control in India. In: Green SK, Kim DH (eds) Mungbean yellow mosaic disease. Proceedings of an International Workshop, Bangkok 1991. Publication No. 92–373 AVRDC, Shanhua, Tainan, Taiwan. pp 8–27

  • Wang D, Maule AJ (1994) A model for seed transmission of a plant virus: genetic and structural analyses of a pea embryo invasion by Pea seed-borne mosaic virus. Plant Cell 6:777–787

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The financial assistance by the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India (BT/PR13464/AGR/02/698/2010 dt. 01.12.2010) is duly acknowledged. We are thankful to Dr. R. Rajagopal from the Department of Zoology, North Campus Delhi University, New Delhi, for conducting the confocal microscopy study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Pulses Research Centre, Vamban, Pudukottai, Tamil Nadu, 622303, India

    Satya Vijayalakshmi Kothandaraman

  2. Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641001, India

    Alice Devadason & Malathi Varagur Ganesan

Authors
  1. Satya Vijayalakshmi Kothandaraman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Alice Devadason
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Malathi Varagur Ganesan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Satya Vijayalakshmi Kothandaraman.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethical statement

This study does not involve any human participants and animals.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

ESM 1

(PDF 78 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kothandaraman, S.V., Devadason, A. & Ganesan, M.V. Seed-borne nature of a begomovirus, Mung bean yellow mosaic virus in black gram. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 100, 1925–1933 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-015-7188-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-015-7188-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation