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Semiquantitative mRNA Measurements of Osteoinductive Growth Factors in Human Iliac-Crest Bone: Expression of LMP Splice Variants in Human Bone

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Abstract

Although osteotropic growth factors are known to play an important role in bone metabolism, knowledge about their expression in relation to age, sex and smoking remains limited. In this study we report mRNA levels of the recently discovered Lim mineralization protein splice variants (LMP-1, LMP-2, LMP-3) and the established osteotropic growth factors BMP-2, BMP-6, BMP-7, TGF-β, IGF-I, IGF-II and b-FGF in human iliac crest bone. Standardized bone biopsy specimens were obtained from the iliac crest during graft harvesting in 62 patients (38 males, 24 females, mean age 44.7 years, range 13–78 years) undergoing spinal surgery. Samples were immediately stored in liquid nitrogen for PCR analysis. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was performed for TGF-β, IGF-I, IGF-II, BMP2, BMP-6, BMP7, bFGF, LMP-1, LMP-2 and LMP-3 using β-actin as internal standard. Triplicate measurements were made of each growth factor and β-actin. mRNA for all examined growth factors was detected in 69% of the specimens. The lowest degree of detection was present for b-FGF and BMP-2, both of which were found in 85% of the specimens. LMP-1 was detected in 98% of the specimens. LMP-2 in 94% and LMP-3 in 27%, respectively. LMP-1 was generally expressed in higher amounts than LMP-2 and LMP-3. Nondetectable levels of the growth factors were more frequent in the >60-year-old males compared with >60-year-old females (P < 0.05) and <60-year-old males (P < 0.01). LMP-1 expression was more variable among young individuals, but mean values were similar between age groups. TGF-β, BMP-2 and BMP-7 values did not differ between age groups, but generally a higher variation was found among older patients. IGF-I values were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in males over 60 years, whereas the highest level of bFGF mRNA was present in males younger than 20 years (P < 0.05) . In addition, regression analysis revealed correlation between BMP-2 and BMP-7 (R2 = 0.74, P < 0.0005), LMP-2 and BMP-2 (R2 = 0.27, P < 0.0005) and LMP-2 and bFGF (R2 = 0.40, P < 0.0005). In conclusion, we have demonstrated expression of LMP-1 and LMP-2 in human bone. LMP-1 was expressed in higher amounts and showed a higher degree of variation among young individuals. LMP-2 was correlated to a number of other growth factors, suggesting that LMPs may also play a role in human bone metabolism. Higher variation in the expression of TGF-β, BMP-2 and BMP-7 was found in the older age groups, but whether or not this can be correlated to age-related changes in bone turnover requires further studies.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the surgeons at Spine Section E, Aarhus University Hospital; Pavel Neuman, Ebbe S. Hansen, Peter Helmig, Bent Niederman and Christian Høy for obtaining the bone biopsies; and to Anette Milton and Jane Villadsen for sampling them. We also thank Mette Carstens and Lotte Sørensen for excellent technical assistance. This study was supported by grants from The Danish Rheumatism Association and The Danish Medical Research Council. The study is in compliance with the Danish law nr.69 of January 8, 1999 on biomedical research projects and was approved by the local ethical committee—J. nr. 1999–4631.

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  1. Orthopeadic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedics E, Aarhus University Hospital DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark

    M. H. Bünger, T. Andersen, M. Lind & C. E. Bünger

  2. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark

    M. H. Bünger, B. L. Langdahl, L. Husted & E. F. Eriksen

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  1. M. H. Bünger
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Bünger, M., Langdahl, B., Andersen, T. et al. Semiquantitative mRNA Measurements of Osteoinductive Growth Factors in Human Iliac-Crest Bone: Expression of LMP Splice Variants in Human Bone . Calcif Tissue Int 73, 446–454 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-002-2109-z

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