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A review of biosensors for the detection of B-type natriuretic peptide as an important cardiovascular biomarker

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Abstract

Heart disease, as the most serious threat to human health globally, is responsible for rising mortality rates, largely due to lifestyle and diet. Unfortunately, the main problem for patients at high risk of heart disease is the validation of prognostic tests. To this end, the detection of cardiovascular biomarkers has been employed to obtain pathological and physiological information in order to improve prognosis and early-stage diagnosis of chronic heart failure. Short-term changes in B-type natriuretic peptide are known as a standard and important biomarker for diagnosis of heart failure. The most important problem for detection is low concentration and short half-life in the blood. The normal concentration of BNP in blood is less than 7 nM (25 pg/mL), which increases significantly to more than 80 pg/mL. Therefore, the development of new biosensors with better sensitivity, detection limit, and dynamic range than current commercial kits is urgently needed. This review classifies the biosensors designed for detection of BNP into electrochemical, optical, microfluidic, and lateral-flow immunoassay techniques. The review clearly demonstrates that a variety of immunoassay, aptasensor, enzymatic and catalytic nanomaterials, and fluorophores have been successfully employed for detection of BNP at low attomolar ranges.

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Dtection of B-type natriuretic peptide with biosensors

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, for supporting this work.

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Author notes

  1. Meysam Gachpazan and Arash Mohammadinejad contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medical Genetics Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran

    Meysam Gachpazan

  2. Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran

    Arash Mohammadinejad & Majid Rezayi

  3. Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran

    Amin Saeidinia

  4. Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9196773117, Iran

    Amin Saeidinia

  5. Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Research Center, Alavi Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177899191, Iran

    Hamid Reza Rahimi

  6. Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran

    Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan & Majid Rezayi

  7. Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9176699199, Iran

    Farveh Vakilian

  8. Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran

    Majid Rezayi

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  1. Meysam Gachpazan
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  5. Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
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Correspondence to Majid Rezayi.

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Gachpazan, M., Mohammadinejad, A., Saeidinia, A. et al. A review of biosensors for the detection of B-type natriuretic peptide as an important cardiovascular biomarker. Anal Bioanal Chem 413, 5949–5967 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-021-03490-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-021-03490-6

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