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Applications of peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) and locked nucleic acids (LNAs) in biosensor development

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Abstract

Nucleic acid biosensors have a growing number of applications in genetics and biomedicine. This contribution is a critical review of the current state of the art concerning the use of nucleic acid analogues, in particular peptide nucleic acids (PNA) and locked nucleic acids (LNA), for the development of high-performance affinity biosensors. Both PNA and LNA have outstanding affinity for natural nucleic acids, and the destabilizing effect of base mismatches in PNA- or LNA-containing heterodimers is much higher than in double-stranded DNA or RNA. Therefore, PNA- and LNA-based biosensors have unprecedented sensitivity and specificity, with special applicability in DNA genotyping. Herein, the most relevant PNA- and LNA-based biosensors are presented, and their advantages and their current limitations are discussed. Some of the reviewed technology, while promising, still needs to bridge the gap between experimental status and the harder reality of biotechnological or biomedical applications.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by MICINN (grants EUI2008-00158 and BIO2010-20696) and CSIC (grant 200920I040). CIBERehd is funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III.

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  1. Department of Molecular Evolution, Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Carretera de Ajalvir, Km 4. Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain

    Carlos Briones & Miguel Moreno

  2. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), C/ Córcega 180 bajos dcha, 08036, Barcelona, Spain

    Carlos Briones

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  1. Carlos Briones
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Correspondence to Carlos Briones.

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Published in the topical collection Biomimetic Recognition Elements for Sensing Applications with guest editor María Cruz Moreno-Bondi.

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Briones, C., Moreno, M. Applications of peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) and locked nucleic acids (LNAs) in biosensor development. Anal Bioanal Chem 402, 3071–3089 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-012-5742-z

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