Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, aerobic and non-motile bacterium, designated P2-65T, was isolated from Moonsan stream water in the Republic of Korea. The temperature, NaCl concentration and pH ranges for growth of strain P2-65T were 10–37 °C, 0.0–3.0% (w/v) and 6.5–8.5 with optimum growth at 25–30 °C, 0.0–1.0% and 7.0–7.5, respectively. Comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain P2-65T was closely related to Flavobacterium cauense (95.4%) and Flavobacterium cheniae (95.3%). The major fatty acids were iso-C15:0, iso C17:0 3-OH, summed feature 3 (C16:1ω7c and/or C16:1ω6c), summed feature 9 (iso-C17:1 ω9c and/or 10-methyl C16:0) and iso-C15:0 3-OH. The predominant respiratory quinone was menaquinone-6 (MK-6). The major polar lipids detected in the strain were phosphatidylethanolamine, one aminophospholipid, one unidentified aminolipid and one unidentified polar lipid. The G + C content of the genomic DNA was 39.7%. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values for strain P2-65T with closely related Flavobacterium species were below 74.8% and 20%, respectively. Based on polyphasic features, strain P2-65T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium, for which the name Flavobacterium inviolabile sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is P2-65T (= KCTC 62055T = NBRC 112953T).
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Abbreviations
- KCTC:
-
Korean Collection for Type Cultures
- NBRC:
-
NITE Biological Resource Center
- R2A:
-
Reasoner’s 2A
- TSA:
-
Tryptone soy agar
- NA:
-
Nutrient agar
- LB:
-
Luria–Bertani
- PDA:
-
Potato dextrose agar
- PGAP:
-
Prokaryotic Genome Annotation Pipeline
- RAST:
-
Rapid Annotation using Subsystem Technology
- ANI:
-
Average Nucleotide Identity
- dDDH:
-
Digital DNA–DNA hybridization
- GGDC:
-
Genome-to-Genome Distance Calculator
- CDSs:
-
Coding sequences
- AL:
-
Aminolipid
- APL:
-
Aminophospholipid
- PE:
-
Phosphatidylethanolamine
- PL:
-
Phospholipid
- UL:
-
Unidentified lipid
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Acknowledgements
We thank Dr. Stefano Ventura for his expert suggestion for correct species epithet and Latin etymology.
Funding
This work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NIBR202002108).
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VVL, SRP, I-TC, K-EL, and J-CC conceptualized the idea, designed the experiments, and analyzed the data. VVL and HL performed the experiments. VVL and HL wrote the manuscript. SRP, I-TC, and J-CC reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
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Communicated by Erko Stackebrandt.
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The GenBank/ENA/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene and whole genome sequences of strain P2-65T are MH050742 and CP058278, respectively.
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Van Le, V., Lee, H., Padakandla, S.R. et al. Flavobacterium inviolabile sp. nov. isolated from stream water. Arch Microbiol 203, 3633–3639 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-021-02221-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-021-02221-w