Abstract
Chronic exposures to tobacco and biomass smoke are the most prevalent risk factors for COPD development. Although microbial diversity in tobacco smoke-associated COPD (TSCOPD) has been investigated, microbiota in biomass smoke-associated COPD (BMSCOPD) is still unexplored. We aimed to compare the nasal and oral microbiota between healthy, TSCOPD, and BMSCOPD subjects from a rural population in India. Nasal swabs and oral washings were collected from healthy (n = 10), TSCOPD (n = 11), and BMSCOPD (n = 10) subjects. The downstream analysis was performed using QIIME pipeline (v1.9). In nasal and oral microbiota no overall differences were noted, but there were key taxa that had differential abundance in either Healthy vs COPD and/or TSCOPD vs. BMSCOPD. Genera such as Actinomyces, Actinobacillus, Megasphaera, Selenomonas, and Corynebacterium were significantly higher in COPD subjects. This study suggests that microbial community undergoes dysbiosis which may further contribute to the progression of disease. Thus, it is important to identify etiological agents for such a polymicrobial alterations which contribute highly to the disease manifestation.
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Data availability
Bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences generated in this study are accessible in the NCBI SRA database under the study accession number SUB2028453, with the BioSample IDs SAMN05959540-SAMN05959600.
Abbreviations
- ALDEx2:
-
ANOVA-like differential expression tool for compositional data
- ANNOVA:
-
Analysis of variance
- BMSCOPD:
-
Biomass smoke-associated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- BMI:
-
Body mass index
- COPD:
-
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- DNA:
-
Deoxyribose nucleic acid
- FEV1:
-
Forced expiratory volume in one second
- FVC:
-
Forced vital capacity
- GOLD:
-
Global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease
- NMDS:
-
Nonmetric multidimensional scaling
- OUT:
-
Operational taxonomic unit
- PCR:
-
Polymerase chain reaction
- PEAR:
-
Paired-End reAd merger
- QIIME:
-
Quantitative insights into microbial ecology
- rRNA:
-
Ribosomal ribo nucleic acid
- STAMP:
-
Statistical analysis of taxonomic and functional profiles
- TSCOPD:
-
Tobacco smoke-associated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- UCLUST:
-
Algorithm divides a set of sequences into clusters
- V4:
-
Variable region four of 16S rRNA gene
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Acknowledgements
We thank Director King Edward Memorial Hospital Research Centre, (KEMHRC) Pune for allowing us to use all laboratory facilities at KEMHRC, Vadu for processing of study samples. Thanks, National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science Pune for providing the support for sequencing the study samples. We also like to thank ethics committee of KEMHRC for giving approval for the study and field staff of Vadu Health and Demographic Surveillance System for their support in the field work. In the end, we would like to thank all study subjects for giving their written consent to participate in this study.
Funding
This work is supported by Vadu Rural Health Program, KEM Hospital Research Centre, Pune in collaboration with National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science, Pune and Chest Research Foundation, Pune.
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DA, SJ, SS conception, and design; DA data and sample collection; DA and AG performed all the experiments; DA, DD, SK analyzed data and wrote the manuscript; BB, SS, SJ, YS reviewed the manuscript; all authors finally approved the manuscript.
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Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the ethics committee of KEM Hospital Research Centre, Pune before starting the study. Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects before recruiting him/her into the study. Good clinical practices were followed throughout the study as per the Indian Council for Medical Research guidelines.
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Communicated by Shuang-Jiang Liu.
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Agarwal, D.M., Dhotre, D.P., Kumbhare, S.V. et al. Disruptions in oral and nasal microbiota in biomass and tobacco smoke associated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Arch Microbiol 203, 2087–2099 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-020-02155-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-020-02155-9