Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

DNA bipyrimidine photoproduct repair and transcriptional response of UV-C irradiated Bacillus subtilis

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Archives of Microbiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Vegetative wild-type and DNA repair-deficient (homologous recombination, recA and nucleotide excision repair, uvrB) Bacillus subtilis cells were exposed to UV-C radiation. Colony formation, DNA bipyrimidine photoproducts and gene expression were measured during cell recovery. Gene expression was measured after 60 min cell recovery where 50% (wild-type), 30% (recA) and 8% (uvrB), respectively, of the UV-C induced DNA photoproducts were repaired. We examined changes in the gene expression following UV exposure in wild-type and both repair-deficient strains. A set of known and unknown genes were found to be significantly up-regulated in wild-type B. subtilis cells, whereas no or lower gene induction was determined for both mutant strains. In addition, the possible roles of newly identified UV-responsive genes are discussed with respect to cellular recovery following exposure to UV irradiation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Au N, Kuester-Schoeck E, Mandava V, Bothwell LE, Canny SP, Chachu K, Colavito SA, Fuller SN, Groban ES, Hensley LA, O’Brien TC, Shah A, Tierney JT, Tomm LL, O’Gara TM, Goranov AI, Grossman AD, Lovett SM (2005) Genetic composition of the Bacillus subtilis SOS system. J Bacteriol 187:7655–7666

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Billen D, Carreira LB, Hadden CT, Silverstein SJ (1971) Evidence suggestive of compartmentalization of deoxyribonucleic acid-synthesizing systems in freeze-treated Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol 108:1250–1256

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blencke HM, Homuth G, Ludwig H, Mader U, Hecker M, Stulke J (2003) Transcriptional profiling of gene expression in response to glucose in Bacillus subtilis: regulation of the central metabolic pathways. Metab Eng 5:133–149

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cadet J, Sage E, Douki T (2005) Ultraviolet radiation-induced damage to cellular DNA. Mutat Res 571:3–17

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Courcelle J, Khodursky A, Peter B, Brown PO, Hanawalt PC (2001) Comparative gene expression profiles following UV exposure in wild-type and SOS-deficient Escherichia coli. Genetics 158:41–64

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Douki T, Cadet J (2001) Individual determination of the yield of the main UV-induced dimeric pyrimidine photoproducts in DNA suggests a high mutagenicity of CC photolesions. Biochemistry 40:2495–2501

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Douki T, Setlow B, Setlow P (2005) Effects of the binding of alpha/beta-type small, acid-soluble spore proteins on the photochemistry of DNA in spores of Bacillus subtilis and in vitro. Photochem Photobiol 81:163–169

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Draghici S (2002) Statistical intelligence: effective analysis of high-density microarray data. Drug Discov Today 7:55–63

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eichenberger P, Jensen ST, Conlon EM, van Ooij C, Silvaggi J, Gonzalez-Pastor JE, Fujita M, Ben-Yehuda S, Stragier P, Liu JS, Losick R (2003) The sigmaE regulon and the identification of additional sporulation genes in Bacillus subtilis. J Mol Biol 327:945–972

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fernandez S, Sorokin A, Alsonso JC (1998) Genetic recombination in Bacillus subtilis 168: effects of recU and recS mutations on DNA repair and homologous recombination. J Bacteriol 180:3405–3409

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Friedberg EC, Walker GC, Siede W (1995) DNA repair and mutagenesis. ASM Press, Washington pp 698–735

    Google Scholar 

  • Goranov AI, Kuester-Schoeck E, Wang JD, Grossman AD (2006) Characterization of the global transcriptional responses to different types of DNA damage and disruption of replication in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol 188:5595–5605

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hadden CT (1979) Pyrimidine dimer excision in a Bacillus subtilis Uvr-mutant. J Bacteriol 139:247–255

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haldenwang WG (1995) The sigma factors of Bacillus subtilis. Microbiol Rev 59:1–3

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hanlin JH, Lombardi SJ, Slepecky RA (1985) Heat and UV light resistance of vegetative cells and spores of Bacillus subtilis rec-mutants. J Bacteriol 163:774–777

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Helmann JD, Wu MF, Gaballa A, Kobel PA, Morshedi MM, Fawcett P, Paddon C (2003) The global transcriptional response of Bacillus subtilis to peroxide stress is coordinated by three transcription factors. J Bacteriol 85:243–253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Helmann JD, Wu MF, Kobel PA, Gamo FJ, Wilson M, Morshedi MM, Navre M, Paddon C (2001) Global transcriptional response of Bacillus subtilis to heat shock. J Bacteriol 183:7318–7328

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koehler DR, Courcelle J, Hanawalt PC (1996) Kinetics of pyrimidine(6–4)pyrimidone photoproduct repair in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 178:1347–1350

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kunst F, Ogasawara N, Moszer I, Albertini AM, Yoshikawa H, Danchin A et al (1997) The complete genome sequence of the gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis. Nature 390:249–256

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moeller R, Douki T, Cadet J, Stackebrandt E, Nicholson WL, Rettberg P, Reitz G, Horneck G (2007) UV radiation induced formation of DNA bipyrimidine photoproducts in Bacillus subtilis endospores and their repair during germination. Int Microbiol 10:39–46

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moeller R, Horneck G, Facius R, Stackebrandt E (2005) Role of pigmentation in protecting Bacillus sp. endospores against environmental UV radiation. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 51:231–236

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moeller R, Horneck G, Rettberg P, Mollenkopf HJ, Stackebrandt E, Nicholson WL (2006) A method for extracting RNA from dormant and germinating Bacillus subtilis strain 168 endospores. Curr Microbiol 53:227–231

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moszer I, Jones LM, Moreira S, Fabry C, Danchin A (2002) SubtiList: the reference database for the Bacillus subtilis genome. Nucleic Acids Res 30:62–65

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pastink A, Eeken JCJ, Lohman PHM (2001) Genomic integrity and the repair of double-strand DNA breaks. Mutat Res 480:37–50

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Petersohn A, Brigulla M, Haas S, Hoheisel JD, Voelker U, Hecker M (2001) Global analysis of the general stress response of Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol 183:5617–5631

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Petit MA, Dervyn E, Rose M, Entian KD, McGovern S, Ehrlich SD, Bruand C (1998) DNA repair: bacteria PcrA is an essential DNA helicase of Bacillus subtilis fulfilling functions both in repair and rolling-circle replication. Mol Microbiol 29:261–273

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pogoda de la Vega U, Rettberg P, Douki T, Cadet J, Horneck G (2005) Sensitivity to polychromatic UV-radiation of strains of Deinococcus radiodurans differing in their DNA repair capacity. Int J Radiat Biol 81:601–611

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ravanat J-L, Douki T, Cadet J (2001) Direct and indirect effects of UV radiation on DNA and its components. J Photochem Photobiol Biol B 63:88–102

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith BT, Grossman AD, Walker GC (2002) Localization of UvrA and effect of DNA damage on the chromosome of Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol 184:488–493

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sonenshein AL, Hoch JA, Losick R (2002) Appendix: functional classification of the Bacillus subtilis protein-encoding genes. In: Sonenshein AL, Hoch JA, Losick R (eds) Bacillus subtilis and its closest relatives: from genes to cells, Appendix 2. ASM Press, Washington, pp 570–615

    Google Scholar 

  • Steil L, Hoffmann T, Budde I, Volker U, Bremer E (2003) Genome-wide transcriptional profiling analysis of adaptation of Bacillus subtilis to high salinity. J Bacteriol 185:6358–6570

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tusher VG, Tibshirani R, Chu G (2001) Significance analysis of microarrays applied to ionizing radiation response. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:5116–5121

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zahradka K, Slade D, Bailone A, Sommer S, Averbeck D, Petranovic M, Lindner AB, Radman M (2006) Reassembly of shattered chromosomes in Deinococcus radiodurans. Nature 443:569–573

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zahradka D, Zahradka K, Petranovic M, Dermic D, Brcic-Kostic K (2002) The RuvABC resolvase is indispensable for recombinational repair in sbcB15 mutants of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 184:4141–4147

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zellmeier S, Hofmann C, Thomas S, Wiegert T, Schumann W (2005) Identification of sigma(V)-dependent genes of Bacillus subtilis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 253:221–229

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Joerg Angermann and Ina Wagner for their excellent technical assistance during the DNA microarray experiments. These results will be included in the PhD thesis of Ralf Moeller.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. German Aerospace Center (DLR), Radiation Biology Division, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Linder Hoehe, 51147, Cologne, Germany

    Ralf Moeller, Petra Rettberg, Günther Reitz & Gerda Horneck

  2. German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH (DSMZ), Braunschweig, Germany

    Ralf Moeller & Erko Stackebrandt

  3. Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology (MPIIB), Microarray Core Facility, Berlin, Germany

    Hans-Joachim Mollenkopf

  4. Département de Recherche Fondamentale sur la Matière Condensée CEA-Grenoble, Laboratoire “Lésions des Acides Nucléiques”, Service de Chimie Inorganique et Biologique, UMR-E3 (CEA/UJF), 38054, Grenoble Cedex 9, France

    Thierry Douki & Jean Cadet

Authors
  1. Ralf Moeller
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Erko Stackebrandt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Thierry Douki
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Jean Cadet
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Petra Rettberg
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Hans-Joachim Mollenkopf
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Günther Reitz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Gerda Horneck
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ralf Moeller.

Additional information

Communicated by Jorge Membrillo-Hernández.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Moeller, R., Stackebrandt, E., Douki, T. et al. DNA bipyrimidine photoproduct repair and transcriptional response of UV-C irradiated Bacillus subtilis . Arch Microbiol 188, 421–431 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-007-0263-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-007-0263-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation