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Short-term effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on bone mineral density in postmenopausal osteoporotic patients

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Abstract

Summary

It has been proved that extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) could promote new bone formation. Therefore, we designed an experiment to test the efficiency of ESWT on BMD in postmenopausal osteoporotic patients. The results showed that ESWT could effectively improve the local bone mass of the treated bone area within a short duration.

Introduction

This study evaluated the short-term effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) on bone mineral density (BMD).

Methods

A total of 64 postmenopausal osteoporotic patients were recruited and randomized into 3 groups in 2015. Groups A (n = 20) and B (n = 21) patients received a single-session of low- or high-energy flux density (EFD) ESWT in the left hip, respectively, whereas group C (n = 23) patients served as controls without the ESWT treatment. All patients self-administered alendronate sodium tablets orally for a year. The BMD of the lumbar spine (L2-L4), femoral neck, great tuberosity, and total left hip was measured before ESWT treatment and at 3, 6, and 12 months using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA).

Results

At 12 months, the lumbar spine, femoral neck, great tuberosity, and total left hip BMD in all patients had increased (p < 0.01). The increase in lumbar spine BMD in group A patients was higher than that in group B patients (p = 0.03); other between-group differences were not observed (p = 0.73, group A vs. C; p = 0.06, group B vs. C). The femoral neck, great tuberosity, and total left hip BMD increases in group B patients were higher than that in either group A or C (p < 0.01, group B vs. A; p < 0.01, group A vs. C).

Conclusion

This study showed that ESWT could efficiently improve the local BMD; relatively, the high dosage was effective.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank all the patients who participated in this study. We thank our colleagues and all the staff members involved in this trial for their enormous efforts in collecting and ensuring the accuracy and completeness of all the data.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, 2 Yinghuadong Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China

    L. Shi

  2. Centre for Osteonecrosis and Joint-Preserving & Reconstruction, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Key Laboratory of Arthritic and Rheumatic Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, 100029, China

    F. Gao, W. Sun, B. Wang, W. Guo, L. Cheng, Z. Li & W. Wang

  3. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China

    F. Gao & W. Sun

Authors
  1. L. Shi
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  8. W. Wang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to W. Sun.

Ethics declarations

All patients provided written informed consent before participating in the prospective trial, and prior approval for this study was obtained from the Scientific Review Board of China-Japan Friendship Hospital.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in compliance with the Ethical Standards of the Institutional and/or National Research Committee and the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments.

Funding

This study was supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (7174346), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81372013, 81672236), the Research Fund of China-Japan Friendship Hospital (2014-4-QN-29), and the China-Japan Friendship Hospital Youth Science and Technology Excellence Project (2014-QNYC-A-06).

Conflict of interest

None.

Additional information

Lijun Shi and Fuqiang Gao are joint first authors.

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Shi, L., Gao, F., Sun, W. et al. Short-term effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on bone mineral density in postmenopausal osteoporotic patients. Osteoporos Int 28, 2945–2953 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-017-4136-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-017-4136-7

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