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Factors affecting changes in the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D: a 3-year follow-up of the ROAD study

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Abstract

Summary

In this 3-year population-based cohort study, among 1346 subjects, the mean annual change in the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels was 7.6 %/year, which tended to increase during the 3-year period. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that the L2-4 bone mineral density and total daily energy intake were significant independent associated factors.

Introduction

The aim of this study was to clarify the change rate of the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25D) and the associated factors in a general Japanese population during a 3-year period.

Methods

The baseline survey of Research on Osteoarthritis/osteoporosis Against Disability study (ROAD), a large-scale population-based cohort study, was performed between 2005 and 2007, and a follow-up survey was repeated 3 years later. Among 1690 participants at baseline, the change rate of the serum 25D levels were assessed in 1346 individuals (79.6 %; 458 men and 888 women) who completed measurements of 25D at both the baseline and follow-up examinations. The change rate was calculated, and the factors associated with the changes in the 25D levels were determined using multivariate regression analysis after adjustment for age, gender, body mass index, participated month, and regional differences at baseline.

Results

The mean (standard deviation) change rate of the 25D levels in all subjects was 7.6 (13.3) %/year (men, 8.2 [12.4] %/year; women, 7.3 [13.7] %/year). Multivariate regression analysis indicated that higher bone mineral density at lumbar spine L2-4 (p = 0.05) and total daily energy intake (p = 0.04) were significantly associated with the change rate of the 25D levels.

Conclusions

The serum levels of 25D tended to increase over the 3-year period, and higher lumbar bone mineral density and daily energy intake were found to be associated with increases in the 25D levels over time.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology for Scientific Research to NY (B26293139, B23390172, B20390182, and Challenging Exploratory Research 24659317), TA (C20591737, B23390357), and SM (C20591774, B23390356, Challenging Exploratory Research 23659580); for Young Scientists to HO (A18689031, Challenging Exploratory Research 24659666); and for Collaborating Research with NSF to NY (Director; 08033011-00262). Moreover, this work was supported by H17-Men-eki-009 (Director, KN), H18-Choujyu-037 (Director, TN), H20-Choujyu-009 (Director, NY), H23-Chojyu-002 (Director, TA), H25-Nanchi-to (Men)-005 (Director, ST), and H25-Chojyu-007 (Director, NY) from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in Japan, and by grants from the Japan Osteoporosis Society (NY, SM, HO, and TA), and research aids from the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA-Subsidized Science Project Research 2006-1 and 2010-2; Director, HK). The authors wish to thank Dr. Takako Nojiri and Mr. Kazuhiro Hatanaka of the Gobo Public Health Centre; Dr. Naoki Hirabayashi of the Kawakami Clinic, Hidakagawa Town; Mrs. Tomoko Takijiri, Mrs. Kumiko Shinou, Mrs. Rie Takiguchi, Mrs. Kyoko Maeda, Ms. Ikuyo Ueyama, Mrs. Michiko Mori, Mrs. Hisayo Sugimoto, and other members of the public office in Hidakagawa Town; Dr. Shinji Matsuda of the Shingu Public Health Centre; and Mrs. Tamako Tsutsumi, Mrs. Kanami Maeda, Mr. Shoichi Shimoichi, Mrs. Megumi Takino, Mrs. Shuko Okada, Mrs. Kazuyo Setoh, Mrs. Chise Ryouno, Mrs. Miki Shimosaki, Mrs. Chika Yamaguchi, Mrs. Yuki Shimoji, and other members of the public office in Taiji Town for their assistance in locating and scheduling participants for examinations. Finally, we also thank Ms. Kyoko Yoshimura, Mrs. Toki Sakurai, and Mrs. Saeko Sahara for their assistance with data reduction and administration.

Conflicts of interest

None.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Joint Disease Research, 22nd Century Medical and Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan

    N. Yoshimura

  2. Department of Clinical Motor System Medicine, 22nd Century Medical and Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan

    S. Muraki

  3. Department of Medical Research and Management for Musculoskeletal Pain, 22nd Century Medical and Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan

    H. Oka

  4. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan

    S. Tanaka

  5. JCHO Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center, 5-1, Tsukudo-cho, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8542, Japan

    H. Kawaguchi

  6. National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, 1, Namiki 4-chome, Tokorozawa City, Saitama Prefecture, 359-8555, Japan

    K. Nakamura & T. Akune

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  1. N. Yoshimura
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  2. S. Muraki
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Correspondence to N. Yoshimura.

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Yoshimura, N., Muraki, S., Oka, H. et al. Factors affecting changes in the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D: a 3-year follow-up of the ROAD study. Osteoporos Int 26, 2597–2605 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-015-3184-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-015-3184-0

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