Abstract
In titanium milling machining, tool condition monitoring (TCM) is very important owing to the short tool life and expensive cost. And the TCM is the key technology for automated machining. In titanium milling, tipping is the main tool failure mode. In this paper, in order to monitor the tool tipping in practical production of complex titanium parts, a cutting vibration signal–based segmented monitoring method is proposed. An accelerometer mounted on the spindle is used to sense the cutting vibration. The undesired signal during air-cut is analyzed and eliminated by low-pass filtering. Increments of the moving average root mean square (MARMS) and peak power spectral density (PPSD) are extracted as indicators in time domain and frequency domain respectively. In addition, in order to eliminate the effect caused by continuously changed cutting condition in complex machining operations to reduce false alarms, a segmented monitoring strategy and corresponding NC block segmentation method are proposed. Finally, a framework of an online monitoring is built up. A case study shows that continuous tipping can also be detected, and the proposed method is effective for different cutting parameters.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abellan-Nebot JV, Subirón FR (2010) A review of machining monitoring systems based on artificial intelligence process models. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 47(1–4):237–257
Zhou Y, Xue W (2018) Review of tool condition monitoring methods in milling processes. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 96(4):2509–2523
Wang M, Wang J (2012) CHMM for tool condition monitoring and remaining useful life prediction. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 59(5–8):463–471
Wang G, Cui Y (2013) On line tool wear monitoring based on auto associative neural network. J Intell Manuf 24:1085–1094
Zhu K, Vogel B (2014) Sparse representation and its applications in micro-milling condition monitoring: noise separation and tool condition monitoring. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 70(1–4):185–199
Nouri M, Fussell BK, Ziniti BL, Linder E (2015) Real-time tool wear monitoring in milling using a cutting condition independent method. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 89:1–13
Wang GF, Xie QL, Zhang YC (2016) Tool condition monitoring system based on support vector machine and differential evolution optimization. Proc IMechE B J Eng Manuf 231(5):805–813
Wang GF, Yang YW, Zhang YC, Xie QL (2014) Vibration sensor based tool condition monitoring using v support vector machine and locality preserving projection. Sensor Actuat A-Phys 209:24–32
Painuli S, Elangovan M, Sugumaran V (2014) Tool condition monitoring using k-star algorithm. Expert Syst Appl 41(6):2638–2643
Sevilla-Camacho PY, Robles-Ocampo JB, Jauregui-Correa JC, Jimenez-Villalobos D (2015) FPGA-based reconfigurable system for tool condition monitoring in high-speed machining process. Measurement 64:81–88
Sevilla P, Robles J, Muñiz J, Lee F (2015) Tool failure detection method for high-speed milling using vibration signal and reconfigurable bandpass digital filtering. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 81(5–8):1187–1194
Mishra SK, Rao US, Kumar S (2016) Tool wear prediction by using wavelet transform. Int J Precision Technol 6(3–4):216
Li X, Dong S, Yuan Z (1999) Discrete wavelet transform for tool breakage monitoring. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 39(12):1935–1944
Li XL (2002) A brief review: acoustic emission method for tool wear monitoring during turning. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 42(2):157–165
Kannatey-Asibu E, Yum J, Kim TH (2017) Monitoring tool wear using classifier fusion. Mech Syst Signal Pr 85:651–661
Liu H, Lian L, Li B, Mao X, Yuan S, Peng F (2014) An approach based on singular spectrum analysis and the Mahalanobis distance for tool breakage detection. Proc IMechE Part C: J Mech Eng Sci 228(18):3505–3516
Ritou M, Garnier S, Furet B, Hascoet JY (2014) Angular approach combined to mechanical model for tool breakage detection by eddy current sensors. Mech Syst Signal Pr 44(1–2):211–220
Drouillet C, Karandikar J, Nath C, Journeaux A, Mansori M, Kurfess T (2016) Tool life predictions in milling using spindle power with the neural network technique. J Manuf Process 22:161–168
Hassan M, Damir A, Attia H, Tjomson V (2018) Benchmarking of pattern recognition techniques for online tool wear detection. Procedia CIRP 72:1451–1456
Xu GD, Zhou HC, Cheng JH (2018) CNC internal data based incremental cost-sensitive support vector machine method for tool breakage monitoring in end milling. Eng Appl Artif Intel 74:90–103
Hassan M, Sadek A, Attia MH, Thomson V (2018) A novel generalized approach for real-time tool condition monitoring. J Manuf Sci E-T ASME 140(2):1–8
Zhou Y, Orban P, Nikumb S (1995) Sensors for intelligent machining-a research and application survey. IEEE International Conference on Systems. Man Cybern 2:1005–1010
Liang SY, Hecker RL, Landers RG (2004) Machining process monitoring and control: the state-of-the-art. J Manuf Sci E-T ASME 126:297–310
Dey S, Stori JA (2005) A Bayesian network approach to root cause diagnosis of process variations. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 45:75–91
Rizal M, Ghani J, Nuawi M, Che H (2014) A review of sensor system and application in milling process for tool condition monitoring. Rese J Applied Sci Eng Technol 7(10):2083–2097
Chen SL, Jen YW (2000) Data fusion neural network for tool condition monitoring in CNC milling machining. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 40:381–400
Zhang XY, Lu X, Wang S, Wang W, Li WD (2018) A multi-sensor based online tool condition monitoring system for milling process. Procedia CIRP 72:1136–1141
Yu JS, Liang S, Tang DY, Liu H (2017) A weighted hidden Markov model approach for continuous-state tool wear monitoring and tool life prediction. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 91(1–4):201–211
Uekita M, Takaya Y (2017) Tool condition monitoring for form milling of large parts by combining spindle motor current and acoustic emission signals. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 89(1–4):65–75
Cuka B, Kim D (2017) Fuzzy logic based tool condition monitoring for end-milling. Robot Comput Integr Manuf 47(10):22–36
Hong Y, Yoon H, Moon J, Cho Y, Ahn S (2016) Tool-wear monitoring during micro-end milling using wavelet packet transform and fisher’s linear discriminant. Int J Prec Eng Manuf 17(7):845–855
Shi X, Wang R, Chen Q, Shao H (2014) Cutting sound signal processing for tool tipping detection in face milling based on empirical mode decomposition and independent component analysis. J Vib Control 21(16):3348–3358
Zhang G, Sun H (2018) Enabling a cutting tool iPSS based on tool condition monitoring. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 94:3265–3274
Bahr B, Motavalli S, Arfi T (1997) Sensor fusion for monitoring machine tool conditions. Int J Comput Integr Manuf 10:314–323
Funding
This work is supported by the Special Fund of High-end CNC Machine Tools and Basic Manufacturing Equipment (2015ZX04001002), China.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mou, W., Jiang, Z. & Zhu, S. A study of tool tipping monitoring for titanium milling based on cutting vibration. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 104, 3457–3471 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-019-04059-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-019-04059-5