Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Laser micro peen forming without a tamping layer

  • ORIGINAL ARTICLE
  • Published:
The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A technique of laser peen forming on a microscale has been developed, which does not require a confining (tamping) layer. This paper reports on the results of studies carried out on 75-μm-thick steel samples using pulsed Nd:YAG lasers operating at 1,064-, 532- and 355-nm wavelengths and relatively low beam powers of 5, 2.5 and 1.8 W, respectively. Empirical data are presented to demonstrate the active forming mechanism and to characterise the process. The process was found to produce a bending towards the laser beam at any angle of incidence, including at 0° (or parallel) to the surface. A bend angle of up to approximately 28° was possible when the incident angle is 90°. The process was found to be reversible by reverse side irradiation. The results from these experiments have been compared to samples formed using continuous wave thermal laser forming. The laser peen-formed samples do not show evidence of a heat-affected zone seen in thermal laser forming, which, together with thermocouple analysis, indicates that the active laser peen forming process is non-thermal.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Namba Y (1985) Laser forming in space. Lasers ’85; Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference, Las Vegas, NV; 2–6 Dec, pp 403–407

  2. Dearden G, Edwardson SP (2003) Some recent developments in two- and three-dimensional laser forming for macro and micro applications. J Opt A: Pure Appl Opt 5(4):S8–S15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Geiger M, Vollertsen F (1993) The mechanisms of laser forming. CIRP Ann 42(1):301–304

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Magee J, Watkins KG, Steen WM (1998) Advances in laser forming. J Laser Appl 10(6):235–246

    Google Scholar 

  5. van Nielen KJ, Venstra WJ, Tichem M, Laros M, Sarro PM, Karpuschewski B (2002) Self-adjustment of optical interconnects using in-package MEMS-based actuators. Proceedings of the 16th European Conference on Solid State Transducers, September 15–18, Prague, Czech Republic, pp 794–797

  6. Liu DM, Lu YF, Yuan Y, Wang WJ, Low TS, Wee TS, Chang KT, Goh JK (1999) Laser-induced deformation on hard disk surface. Appl Surf Sci 138–139:482–488

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Dahotre NB (1998) Surface engineering series, vol 1—lasers in surface engineering. ASM International, Tennessee, p 465 ISBN: 0-87180-665-2

    Google Scholar 

  8. Yang LC (1974) Stress waves generated in thin metallic films by a Q-switched ruby laser. J Appl Phys 45(6):2601–2608

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Fabbro R, Fournier J, Ballard P, Devaux D, Virmot L (1990) Physical study of laser-produced plasma in confined geometry. J Appl Phys 68:775–78410

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Hosokai T, Kinoshita K (2003) Effect of a laser pre-pulse on a narrow-cone ejection of MeV electrons from a gas jet irradiated by an ultra short laser pulse. Phys Rev E67:036407

    Google Scholar 

  11. Kando M, Masuda S, Zhidkov A (2004) Electron acceleration by a nonlinear wake field generated by ultrashort (23-fs) high-peak-power laser pulses in plasma. Phys Rev E 71:015403.1–015403.4

    Google Scholar 

  12. Monttross CS, Wei T, Ye L, Clark G, Mai YW (2002) Laser shock processing and its effects on microstructure and properties of metal alloys: a review. Int J Fatigue 24:1021–1036

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Al-Obaid YF (1995) Shot peening mechanics: experimental and theoretical analysis. Mech Mater 19:251–260

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Peyre P, Fabbro R (1995) Laser shock processing: a review of the physics and applications. Opt Quantum Electron 27:1213–1229

    Google Scholar 

  15. Zhang W, Yao YL (2002) Micro scale laser shock processing of metallic components. J Manuf Sci Eng 124:369–378

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Hackel LA, Chen HL (2003) Laser peening—a processing tool to strengthen metals or alloys to improve fatigue lifetime and retard stress-induced corrosion cracking. Laser Sci Technol 1058–1061

  17. Chen H, Kysar JW, Yao YL (2004) Characterization of plastic deformation induced by micro scale laser shock peening. J Appl Mech 71:713–723

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  18. Fairland BP, Clauer AH (1976) Effect of water and paint coatings on the magnitude of laser-generated shocks. Opt Commun 18(4):588–591

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Hong X, Wang S, Guo D, Wu H, Wang J, Dai Y, Xia X, Xie Y (1997) Confining medium and absorbing overlay: their effects on a laser-induced shock wave. Opt Lasers Eng 29:447–455

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Masse JE, Barreau G (1995) Laser generation of stress waves in metal. Surf Coat Technol 70:231–234

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Lengyel LL (1976) Effect of wavelength on absorption and ionization of laser produced plasmas in maganetic fields with allowance for finite-rate ionization and recombination. Plasma Phys 18:929–945

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Noack J, Vogel A (1999) Laser-induced plasma formation in water at nanosecond to femtosecond time scales: calculations of thresholds, absorption coefficients and energy density. IEEE J Quantum Electron 35(8):1156–1167

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laser Group, Department of Engineering, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GH, UK

    Kenneth R. Edwards, Stuart P. Edwardson, Chris Carey, Geoff Dearden & Ken G. Watkins

Authors
  1. Kenneth R. Edwards
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Stuart P. Edwardson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Chris Carey
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Geoff Dearden
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Ken G. Watkins
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kenneth R. Edwards.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Edwards, K.R., Edwardson, S.P., Carey, C. et al. Laser micro peen forming without a tamping layer. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 47, 191–200 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-009-2185-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-009-2185-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation