Abstract
For mechanical product, tolerance includes Dimensional Tolerance, Form, Profile, Orientation, Location, Runout, and Assembly Mating Tolerance. Generally, the error of part or product is restricted by a kind of tolerance or several kinds of tolerance. In order to analyze error and its stack-up of mechanical product effectively and absolutely, this paper presents an integrated modeling method of unified tolerance representation based on Key Features (KFs) and Graph Theory in order to deal with these types of tolerances simultaneously. The method includes three steps. The first is to build a tolerance-meta model covering KFs, the relationship set of KFs, the type of tolerance, attributes of tolerance, and variational direction of KF. The model of Dimensional Tolerance, Form, Profile, Orientation, Location, and Runout can be built by tolerance-meta model. The second is to build a model of part’s tolerance and Assembly Mating Tolerance based on sum arithmetic of Graph Theory. The third is to build the integrated tolerance model including Dimensional Tolerance, Form, Profile, Orientation, Location, Runout, and Assembly Mating Tolerance. The integrated model is propitious to represent tolerancing experience from engineers. The method is applied successfully to build the integrated tolerance model for a component of aircraft’s fuselage.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Requicha AAG (1986) Representation of geometric features, tolerance, and attributes in solid modelers based on construction geometry. IEEE J Robot Autom RA2(3):156–165
Roy U, Liu CR, Woo TC (1991) Review of dimensioning and tolerancing: representation and proceeding. CAD 23(7):466–483
Clément A, Desrochers A, Rivière A (1991) Theory and practice of 3D tolerancing for assembly. Proc of the CIRP Seminar on Computer Aided Tolerancing, Penn State University, USA
Etesami F (1993) Mathematical model for geometric tolerances. J Mech Des 115(1):81–86. doi:10.1115/1.2919329
Huang MF, Zhong YR (2008) Dimensional and geometrical tolerance balancing in concurrent design. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 35(7–8):723–735. doi:10.1007/s00170-006-0749-2
Wu YY, Shah JJ, Davidson JK (2003) Computer modeling of geometric variations in mechanical parts and assemblies. J Comput Inf Sci Eng 3(1):54–63. doi:10.1115/1.1572177
Hu J, Xiong GL, Wu Z (2004) A variational geometric constraints network for a tolerance types specification. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 24(3–4):214–222. doi:10.1007/s00170-003-1572-7
Hu J, Peng Y (2007) Tolerance modelling and robust design for concurrent engineering. J Mech Eng Sci 221(4):455–465. doi:10.1243/09544097JRRT120
Hsieh K-L (2006) The study of cost-tolerance model by incorporating process capability index into product lifecycle cost. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 28(5–6):638–642. doi:10.1007/s00170-004-2385-z
Kumaravel P, Anand S, Ullas U, Mohanram PV (2007) Cost optimization of process tolerance allocation—a tree based approach. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 34(7–8):703–713. doi:10.1007/s00170-006-0641-0
Subramanyan N, Ragu K, Yadav DR, Mohanram PV (2008) Comparative study of tolerance on cost for various metal-removal processes. Int J Prod Res 46(7):1769–1786. doi:10.1080/00207540600788984
Lin EE (2000) Graph-matrix-based automated tolerance analysis and setup planning in computer-aided process planning. Doctor dissertation of Texas Tech University
Mantripagada R, Whitney DE (1998) The datum flow chain: a systematic approach to assembly design and modeling. Res Eng Des 10(3):150–165. doi:10.1007/BF01607157
Oh SC, Kim IH, Cho KK (2003) A method for automatic tolerance charting in a process planning more options. Int J Ind Eng 10(4):400–406
Ameta G, Davidson JK, Shah JJ (2007) Tolerance-maps applied to a point-line cluster of features. J Mech Des 129(8):782–792. doi:10.1115/1.2717226
Wang Y (2008) Closed-loop analysis in semantic tolerance modeling. J Mech Des 130(6):1–10. doi:10.1115/1.2900715
Cogorno GR (2006) Geometric dimensioning and tolerancing for mechanical design. McGraw-Hill Companies, New York
Kumar MS, Kannan SM (2007) Optimum manufacturing tolerance to selective assembly technique for different assembly specifications by using genetic algorithm. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 32(5–6):591–598. doi:10.1007/s00170-005-0337-x
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhang, K., Li, Y. & Tang, S. An integrated modeling method of unified tolerance representation for mechanical product. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 46, 217–226 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-009-2062-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-009-2062-3