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Maximum load to failure and tensile displacement of an all-suture glenoid anchor compared with a screw-in glenoid anchor

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Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy Aims and scope

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical behavior of an all-suture glenoid anchor in comparison with a more conventional screw-in glenoid anchor, with regard to maximum load to failure and tensile displacement.

Methods

All mechanical testing was performed using an Instron ElectroPuls E1000 mechanical machine, with a 10 N pre-load and displacement rate of 10 mm/min. Force–displacement curves were generated, with calculation of maximum load, maximum displacement, displacement at 50 N and stiffness. Pretesting of handset Y-Knots in bone analog models revealed low force displacement below 60 N of force. Subsequently, three groups of anchors were tested for pull out strength in bovine bone and cadaver glenoid bone: a bioabsorbable screw-in anchor (Bio Mini-Revo, ConMed Linvatec), a handset all-suture anchor (Y-Knot, ConMed Linvatec) and a 60 N pre-tensioned all-suture anchor (Y-Knot). A total of 8 anchors from each group was tested in proximal tibia of bovine bone and human glenoids (age range 50–90).

Results

In bovine bone, the Bio Mini-Revo displayed greater maximum load to failure (206 ± 77 N) than both the handset (140 ± 51 N; P = 0.01) and the pre-tensioned Y-Knot (135 ± 46 N; P = 0.001); no significant difference was seen between the three anchor groups in glenoid bone. Compared to the screw-in anchors, the handset all-suture anchor displayed inferior fixation, early displacement and greater laxity in the bovine bone and cadaveric bone (P < 0.05). Pre-tensioning the all-suture anchor to 60 N eliminated this behavior in all bone models.

Conclusions

Handset Y-Knots display low force anchor displacement, which is likely due to slippage in the pilot hole. Pre-tensioning the Y-Knot to 60 N eliminates this behavior.

Level of evidence

I.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Women’s College, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, 76 Grenville St, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B1, Canada

    Tim Dwyer

  2. Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 25 Orde Street, Room 416, Toronto, ON, M5T 3H7, Canada

    Thomas L. Willett

  3. University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Andrew P. Dold

  4. Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Massimo Petrera, Danny B. Whelan & John S. Theodoropoulos

  5. University of Toronto Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada

    David Wasserstein

  6. St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Danny B. Whelan

  7. Mt. Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada

    John S. Theodoropoulos

Authors
  1. Tim Dwyer
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  2. Thomas L. Willett
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  3. Andrew P. Dold
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  4. Massimo Petrera
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  5. David Wasserstein
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  6. Danny B. Whelan
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  7. John S. Theodoropoulos
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tim Dwyer.

Additional information

T. Dwyer and T. L. Willett have contributed equally to this work.

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Dwyer, T., Willett, T.L., Dold, A.P. et al. Maximum load to failure and tensile displacement of an all-suture glenoid anchor compared with a screw-in glenoid anchor. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 24, 357–364 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-013-2760-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-013-2760-0

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