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Targeted mapping of Cdu1, a major locus regulating grain cadmium concentration in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var durum)

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Abstract

Some durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var durum) cultivars have the genetic propensity to accumulate cadmium (Cd) in the grain. A major gene controlling grain Cd concentration designated as Cdu1 has been reported on 5B, but the genetic factor(s) conferring the low Cd phenotype are currently unknown. The objectives of this study were to saturate the chromosomal region harboring Cdu1 with newly developed PCR-based markers and to investigate the colinearity of this wheat chromosomal region with rice (Oryza sativa L.) and Brachypodium distachyon genomes. Genetic mapping of markers linked to Cdu1 in a population of recombinant inbred substitution lines revealed that the gene(s) associated with variation in Cd concentration resides in wheat bin 5BL9 between fraction breakpoints 0.76 and 0.79. Genetic mapping and quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of grain Cd concentration was performed in 155 doubled haploid lines from the cross W9262-260D3 (low Cd) by Kofa (high Cd) revealed two expressed sequence tag markers (ESMs) and one sequence tagged site (STS) marker that co-segregated with Cdu1 and explained >80% of the phenotypic variation in grain Cd concentration. A second, minor QTL for grain Cd concentration was also identified on 5B, 67 cM proximal to Cdu1. The Cdu1 interval spans 286 kbp of rice chromosome 3 and 282 kbp of Brachypodium chromosome 1. The markers and rice and Brachypodium colinearity described here represent tools that will assist in the positional cloning of Cdu1 and can be used to select for low Cd accumulation in durum wheat breeding programs targeting this trait. The isolation of Cdu1 will further our knowledge of Cd accumulation in cereals as well as metal accumulation in general.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance of Ryan Babonich, Russell Lawrie, Charlene Tang, Jay Ross, and Marlin Olfert, and funding of this work by the National Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC), Western Grains Research Foundation (WGRF), and the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Matching Investment Initiative.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Sciences, Crop Development Center, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada

    K. Wiebe, J. M. Clarke & C. J. Pozniak

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E9, Canada

    N. S. Harris & G. J. Taylor

  3. Northern Crop Science Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 1307 18th Street North, Fargo, ND, 58105-5677, USA

    J. D. Faris

  4. Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 1030, Swift Current, SK, S9H 3X2, Canada

    R. E. Knox

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  1. K. Wiebe
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Wiebe, K., Harris, N.S., Faris, J.D. et al. Targeted mapping of Cdu1, a major locus regulating grain cadmium concentration in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var durum). Theor Appl Genet 121, 1047–1058 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-010-1370-1

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