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Epidemiologie und Risikofaktoren des hepatozellulären Karzinoms

Epidemiology and risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die Inzidenz des hepatozellulären Karzinoms (HCC) ist in den letzten Jahren weiter gestiegen. Dies wird auf alkoholische Lebererkrankungen, das metabolische Syndrom sowie die steigende Inzidenz der Virushepatitis B und C zurückgeführt.

Fragestellung

Auswertung der Epidemiologie des hepatozellulären Karzinoms (HCC), Darstellung und Diskussion der Risikofaktoren zur Entwicklung eines hepatozellulären Karzinoms (HCC).

Material und Methoden

Literaturrecherche, Auswertung der Statistiken der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO), Diskussion aktueller Grundlagenarbeiten und Expertenempfehlungen.

Ergebnisse

Das HCC stellt bereits das fünfthäufigste Malignom bei Männern und das neunthäufigste Malignom bei Frauen mit weiter steigender Inzidenz dar. Für das Auftreten des hepatozellulären Karzinoms und bzgl. der Risikofaktoren zeigen sich große regionale Unterschiede, der bedeutendste Faktor ist die unterschiedliche Prävalenz der chronischen Virushepatitis B.

Schlussfolgerung

Das HCC stellt ein bedeutendes medizinisches Problem dar. Primärpräventive Maßnahmen sowie geeignete Screeningalgorithmen gewinnen zunehmend an Bedeutung.

Abstract

Background

The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has increased over the past decades as a result of alcoholic liver disease, the metabolic syndrome and the increasing incidence of viral hepatitis B and C.

Objectives

An evaluation of the epidemiology of HCC, presentation and discussion of the risk factors for the development of HCC.

Material and methods

This study was based on a literature review, analysis of the statistics of the World Health Organization (WHO), discussion of current basic research and expert recommendations.

Results

The results show that HCC already represents the fifth most common malignancy in men and the ninth most common malignancy in women, and the incidence is still rising. The pronounced regional differences in prevalence and underlying risk factors are mainly, but not exclusively, due to the prevalence of chronic viral hepatitis B.

Conclusion

Hepatocellular carcinoma is a major medical problem. Primary prevention measures and suitable screening algorithms are gaining more and more importance.

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Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien

Interessenkonflikt. M.M. Dollinger weist auf folgende Beziehungen hin: grant support by Bayer, Roche, Novartis. M. Güthle gibt an, dass kein Interessenskonflikt besteht. Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Güthle, M., Dollinger, M. Epidemiologie und Risikofaktoren des hepatozellulären Karzinoms. Radiologe 54, 654–659 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00117-014-2650-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00117-014-2650-6

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