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Häufige und nicht so häufige Engpasssyndrome

Diagnostik, Klinik, Therapie

Common and not so common nerve entrapment syndromes

Diagnostics, clinical aspects and therapy

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Zusammenfassung

Zusammengenommen sind Engpasssyndrome peripherer Nerven besonders häufige Erkrankungen. Neurologische Ausfälle im Versorgungsgebiet des betroffenen Nervs sind die klinischen Kennzeichen. Oft ist das Krankheitsbild von Schmerzen dominiert, die sich meist nicht auf das Versorgungsgebiet des betroffenen Nervs beschränken. Elektroneurographie, Elektromyographie und in letzter Zeit auch Neurosonographie sind die wesentlichen Zusatzuntersuchungen. Meist ist eine chirurgische Therapie notwendig, diese sollte rechtzeitig erfolgen. Im Einzelnen vorgestellt werden: Incisura-scapulae-Syndrom, Karpaltunnelsyndrom, Kubitaltunnelsyndrom, Meralgia paraesthetica, „Thoracic-outlet“-Syndrom, Interosseus-anterior-Syndrom.

Summary

Altogether, nerve entrapment syndromes have a very high incidence. Neurological deficits attributable to a focal peripheral nerve lesion lead to the clinical diagnosis. Frequently, pain is the dominant symptom but is often not confined to the nerve supply area. Electroneurography, electromyography, and more recently also neurosonography are the most important diagnostic tools. In most patients surgical therapy is necessary, which should be carried out in a timely manner. The entrapment syndromes discussed are suprascapular nerve entrapment, carpal tunnel syndrome, cubital tunnel syndrome, meralgia paraesthetica, thoracic outlet syndrome and anterior interosseous nerve syndrome.

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Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien

Interessenkonflikt. W.J. Schulte-Mattler und T. Grimm geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie im Bezirksklinikum, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 84, 93053, Regensburg, Deutschland

    W.J. Schulte-Mattler & T. Grimm

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  1. W.J. Schulte-Mattler
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  2. T. Grimm
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Correspondence to W.J. Schulte-Mattler.

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Schulte-Mattler, W., Grimm, T. Häufige und nicht so häufige Engpasssyndrome. Nervenarzt 86, 133–141 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-014-4123-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-014-4123-6

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