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Akute virale und importierte virale Entzündungen des ZNS

Acute viral and emerging viral CNS infections

  • Leitthema
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Zusammenfassung

Infektiöse Entzündungen des Zentralnervensystems (ZNS) durch Viren sind teils mit spezifischer und zum größeren Teil mit symptomatischer Therapie behandelbare Erkrankungen; Mortalität und Morbidität können dadurch gesenkt werden. Hierzu bedarf es einer frühzeitig differenzialdiagnostischen Überlegung hinsichtlich Meningoenzephalitiden und einer entsprechend früh eingeleiteten Therapie, um den schädlichen Effekten und möglichen Komplikationen dieser Infektionen vorzubeugen oder entgegenzuwirken. Sowohl die zunehmenden klimatischen Veränderungen, der internationale Flugverkehr im Rahmen der Globalisierung als auch veränderte Immunantworten tragen dazu bei, dass in hiesigen Breitengraden seltene Erreger immer häufiger anzutreffen sind. Dies stellt uns aufgrund mangelnder Kenntnis und Erfahrung mit diesen Pathogenen, die künftig verstärkt bedacht werden müssen, vor eine große Herausforderung.

Die Entwicklung neuer therapeutischer Ansätze beispielsweise mit monoklonalen Antikörpern gibt Hoffnung auf abgemilderte Verläufe der partiell tödlich verlaufenden Erkrankungen.

Summary

The morbidity and mortality of viral CNS infections can be reduced through early initiation of therapy, which could be specific or in most cases symptomatic. This in turn requires the physician to consider meningoencephalitis as a differential diagnosis.

Increasing climate changes, global air travel and changing immune responses contribute to the emergence of rather rare viral pathogens on our continent. Thus, neurologists in Europe are facing an enormous challenge due to lacking knowledge and experience of these new germs, which needs to be taken care of.

Novel therapeutic approaches with e.g. monoclonal antibodies awaken the hope of mitigating the partially lethal courses of these diseases.

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Interessenkonflikt

Der korrespondierende Autor weist auf folgende Beziehung hin: Unterstützung der GACHE-Studie durch BMFB-Förderung, Förderkennzeichen 01KG0504.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Neurologische Klinik, Krankenhaus Nordwest GmbH, Steinbacher Hohl 2–26, 60488, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland

    S. Menon &  U. Meyding-Lamadé

  2. Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland

    S. Menon, T. Lenhard &  U. Meyding-Lamadé

Authors
  1. S. Menon
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  2. T. Lenhard
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  3. U. Meyding-Lamadé
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Correspondence to U. Meyding-Lamadé.

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Menon, S., Lenhard, T. & Meyding-Lamadé, U. Akute virale und importierte virale Entzündungen des ZNS. Nervenarzt 81, 138–149 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-009-2855-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-009-2855-5

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