Zusammenfassung
Die auf der diesjährigen Jahrestagung der European Society of Cardiology (ESC) in London vorgestellten Leitlinien zur Therapie von Patienten mit ventrikulären Arrhythmien und zur Prävention des plötzlichen Herztodes umfassen eine umfangreiche Aktualisierung der Empfehlungen zur Diagnostik sowie zur medikamentösen, interventionellen und Device-gestützten Therapie ventrikulärer Tachyarrhythmien. Die bereits vorhandenen Leitlinien zur primär- und sekundärprophylaktischen ICD (implantierbarer Kardioverter-Defibrillator)-Implantation wurden punktuell erweitert. Die Empfehlungen zur Katheterablation ventrikulärer Tachykardien wurden aktualisiert und, der zunehmenden Datenlage Rechnung tragend, ausgeweitet. Hinsichtlich Diagnostik und Therapie hereditärer Arrhythmien erfolgte größtenteils eine Angleichung an den 2013 publizierten Konsensusreport der Expertenkommission der American Heart Association (AHA), der European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) und der Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS).
Abstract
The new European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmia and the prevention of sudden cardiac death, recently published at the annual ESC meeting in London, contain an extensive update of the recommendations for the diagnostics, drug therapy, interventional and device therapy of ventricular arrhythmia. The new recommendations for implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) treatment for primary and secondary prophylaxis of sudden cardiac death can be seen as a focused update of the previously published guidelines. Pre-existing recommendations for catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias have been partly extensively expanded with respect to the results of recent clinical trials. The guideline committee also adapted their recommendations regarding the hereditary arrhythmia syndromes to the 2013 consensus report of the American Heart Association (AHA), the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) and the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS).
Literatur
Priori SG et al (2015) ESC 2015 Guidelines for management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death. Europace [Epub ahead of print]
Zipes DP, Camm AJ, Borggrefe M, Buxton AE, Chaitman B, Fromer M et al (2006) ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force and the European Society of Cardiology Com. J Am Coll Cardiol 48(5):e247–e346
Pedersen CT, Kay GN, Kalman J, Borggrefe M, Della-Bella P, Dickfeld T et al (2014) EHRA/HRS/APHRS expert consensus on ventricular arrhythmias. Europace 16(9):1257–1283
Epstein AE, DiMarco JP, Ellenbogen KA, Estes NAM, Freedman RA, Gettes LS et al (2008) ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 Guidelines for Device-Based Therapy of Cardiac Rhythm Abnormalities: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the ACC/AHA/NASPE 2002 Guideline Update for Implantation of Cardiac Pacemakers and Antiarrhythmia Devices) developed in collaboration with the American Association for Thoracic Surgery and Society of Thoracic Surgeons. J Am Coll Cardiol 51(21):e1–e62
Tracy CM, Epstein AE, Darbar D, Dimarco JP, Dunbar SB, Estes NAM et al (2012) ACCF/AHA/HRS focused update incorporated into the ACCF/AHA/HRS 2008 guidelines for device-based therapy of cardiac rhythm abnormalities: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol 61(3):e6–e75.
Brignole M, Auricchio A, Baron-Esquivias G, Bordachar P, Boriani G, Breithardt O-A et al (2013) ESC Guidelines on cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy: the Task Force on cardiac pacing and resynchronization therapy of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association. Eur Heart J 34(29):2281–2329
Priori SG, Wilde AA, Horie M, Cho Y, Behr ER, Berul C et al (2013) HRS/EHRA/APHRS expert consensus statement on the diagnosis and management of patients with inherited primary arrhythmia syndromes: document endorsed by HRS, EHRA, and APHRS in May 2013 and by ACCF, AHA, PACES, and AEPC in June 2013. Heart Rhythm 10(12):1932–1963
Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, Butler J, Casey DE, Drazner MH et al (2013) ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation 128(16):e240–e327
Kusumoto FM, Calkins H, Boehmer J, Buxton AE, Chung MK, Gold MR et al (2014) HRS/ACC/AHA expert consensus statement on the use of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy in patients who are not included or not well represented in clinical trials. Circulation 130:94–125
Basso C, Burke M, Fornes P, Gallagher PJ, De Gouveia RH, Sheppard M et al (2008) Guidelines for autopsy investigation of sudden cardiac death. Virchows Arch 452(1):11–18
Moss AJ, Hall WJ, Cannom DS, Daubert JP, Higgins SL, Klein H et al (1997) Improved survival with an implanted defibrillator in patients with coronary disease at high risk for ventricular arrhythmia. N Engl J Med 335:1933–1940
Bigger TJ (1997) Prophylactic use of implanted cardiac defibrillators in patients at high risk for ventricular arrhythmias after coronary-artery bypass graft surgery. Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) Patch Trial Investigators. N Engl J Med 337:1569–1575
Buxton AE, Lee KL, Fisher JD, Josephson ME, Prystowsky EN, Hafley G (1999) A randomized study of the prevention of sudden death in patients with coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 341:1882–1890
Moss AJ, Zareba W, Hall WJ, Klein H, Wilber DJ, Cannom DS et al (2002) Prophylactic implantation of a defibrillator in patients with myocardial infarction and reduced ejection fraction. N Engl J Med 346(12):877–883
Bardy GH, Lee KL, Mark DB, Poole JE, Packer D, Boineau R et al (2005) Amiodarone or an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med 352(3):225–237
Desai A, Fang JC, Maisel WH, Baughman KL (2004) Implantable defibrillators for the prevention of mortality in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. JAMA 292(23):2874–2879
Bänsch D, Antz M, Boczor S, Volkmer M, Tebbenjohanns J, Seidl K et al (2002) Primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: the Cardiomyopathy Trial (CAT). Circulation 105(12):1453–1458
Krueger S, Kass DA, Marco T De, Carson P, Dicarlo L, Demets D et al (2009) Cardiac-resynchronization therapy with or without an implantable defibrillator in advanced chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med 350(21):2140–2150
Kadish A, Dyer A, Daubert JP, Quigg R, Estes NAM, Anderson KP et al (2004) Prophylactic defibrillator implantation in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med 350(21):2151–2158
Strickberger SA, Hummel JD, Bartlett TG, Frumin HI, Schuger CD, Beau SL et al (2003) Amiodarone versus implantable cardioverter-defibrillator: randomized trial in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy and asymptomatic nonsustained ventricular tachycardia – AMIOVIRT. J Am Coll Cardiol 41(10):1707–1712
Connolly SJ, Hallstrom AP, Cappato R, Schron EB, Kuck KH, Zipes DP et al (2000) Meta-analysis of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator secondary prevention trials. AVID, CASH and CIDS studies. Antiarrhythmics vs Implantable Defibrillator study. Cardiac Arrest Study Hamburg. Canadian Implantable Defibrillator Study. Eur Heart J 21(24):2071–2078
Anderson JL, Hallstrom AP, Epstein AE, Pinski SL, Rosenberg Y, Nora MO et al (1999) Design and results of the antiarrhythmics vs implantable defibrillators (AVID) registry. The AVID Investigators. Circulation 99(13):1692–1699
Kuck KH, Cappato R, Siebels J, Rüppel R (2000) Randomized comparison of antiarrhythmic drug therapy with implantable defibrillators in patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest: the Cardiac Arrest Study Hamburg (CASH). Circulation 102(7):748–754
Connolly SJ, Gent M, Roberts RS, Dorian P, Roy D, Sheldon RS et al (2000) Canadian implantable defibrillator study (CIDS): a randomized trial of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator against amiodarone. Circulation 101(11):1297–1302
Weiss R, Knight BP, Gold MR, Leon AR, Herre JM, Hood M et al (2013) Safety and efficacy of a totally subcutaneous implantable-cardioverter defibrillator. Circulation 128(9):944–953
Aydin A, Hartel F, Schlüter M, Butter C, Köbe J, Seifert M et al (2012) Shock efficacy of subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for prevention of sudden cardiac death: initial multicenter experience. Circ Arrhythmia Electrophysiol 5(5):913–919
Bardy GH, Smith WM, Hood MA, Crozier IG, Melton IC, Jordaens L et al (2010) An entirely subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. N Engl J Med 363(1):36–44
Burke MC, Gold MR, Knight BP, Barr CS, Theuns DAMJ, Boersma LVA et al (2015) Safety and efficacy of the totally subcutaneous implantable defibrillator. J Am Coll Cardiol 65(16):1605–1615
Jarman JWE, Lascelles K, Wong T, Markides V, Clague JR, Till J (2012) Clinical experience of entirely subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in children and adults: cause for caution. Eur Heart J 33(11):1351–1359
Jarman JWE, Todd DM (2013) United Kingdom national experience of entirely subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator technology: important lessons to learn. Europace 15(8):1158–1165
Köbe J, Reinke F, Meyer C, Shin DI, Martens E, Kääb S et al (2013) Implantation and follow-up of totally subcutaneous versus conventional implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: a multicenter case-control study. Hear Rhythm 10(1):29–36
Lambiase PD, Barr C, Theuns DAMJ, Knops R, Neuzil P, Johansen JB et al (2014) Worldwide experience with a totally subcutaneous implantable defibrillator: early results from the EFFORTLESS S-ICD registry. Eur Heart J 35(25):1657–1665
Olde Nordkamp LRA, Knops RE, Bardy GH, Blaauw Y, Boersma LVA, Bos JS et al (2012) Rationale and design of the PRAETORIAN trial: a Prospective, RAndomizEd comparison of subcuTaneOus and tRansvenous ImplANtable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy. Am Heart J 163(5):753–760.e2
Auricchio A, Klein H, Geller CJ, Reek S, Heilman MS, Szymkiewicz SJ (1998) Clinical efficacy of the wearable cardioverter-defibrillator in acutely terminating episodes of ventricular fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 81(10):1253–1256
Chung MK, Szymkiewicz SJ, Shao M, Zishiri E, Niebauer MJ, Lindsay BD et al (2010) Aggregate national experience with the wearable cardioverter-defibrillator: event rates, compliance, and survival. J Am Coll Cardiol 56(3):194–203
Epstein AE, Abraham WT, Bianco NR, Kern KB, Mirro M, Rao SV et al (2013) Wearable cardioverter-defibrillator use in patients perceived to be at high risk early post-myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 62(21):2000–2007
Kao AC, Krause SW, Handa R, Karia D, Reyes G, Bianco NR et al (2012) Wearable defibrillator use in heart failure (WIF): results of a prospective registry. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 12(1):123
Reddy VY, Reynolds MR, Neuzil P, Richardson AW, Taborsky M, Jongnarangsin K et al (2007) Prophylactic catheter ablation for the prevention of defibrillator therapy. N Engl J Med 357(26):2657–2665
Calkins H, Epstein A, Packer D, Arria AM, Hummel J, Gilligan DM et al (2000) Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia in patients with structural heart disease using cooled radiofrequency energy: results of a prospective multicenter. J Am Coll Cardiol 35(7):1905–1914
Stevenson WG, Wilber DJ, Natale A, Jackman WM, Marchlinski FE, Talbert T et al (2008) Irrigated radiofrequency catheter ablation guided by electroanatomic mapping for recurrent ventricular tachycardia after myocardial infarction the multicenter thermocool ventricular tachycardia ablation trial. Circulation 118(25):2773–2782
Tanner H, Hindricks G, Volkmer M, Furniss S, Kühlkamp V, Lacroix D et al (2010) Catheter ablation of recurrent scar-related ventricular tachycardia using electroanatomical mapping and irrigated ablation technology: results of the prospective multicenter Euro-VT-study. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 21(1):47–53
Kuck K-H, Schaumann A, Eckardt L, Willems S, Ventura R, Delacrétaz E et al (2010) Catheter ablation of stable ventricular tachycardia before defibrillator implantation in patients with coronary heart disease (VTACH): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet 375(9708):31–40
Waldo AL (2007) Comparison of β-blockers, amiodarone plus β-blockers, or sotalol for prevention of shocks from implantable cardioverter defibrillators: the OPTIC study: a randomized trial. Yearb Cardiol 2007(2):450–451
Dinov B, Fiedler L, Schönbauer R, Bollmann A, Rolf S, Piorkowski C et al (2014) Outcomes in catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia in dilated nonischemic cardiomyopathy compared with ischemic cardiomyopathy: results from the Prospective Heart Centre of Leipzig VT (HELP-VT) Study. Circulation 129(7):728–736
Carbucicchio C, Santamaria M, Trevisi N, Maccabelli G, Giraldi F, Fassini G et al (2008) Catheter ablation for the treatment of electrical storm in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: short- and long-term outcomes in a prospective single-center study. Circulation 117(4):462–469
Baman TS, Lange DC, Ilg KJ, Gupta SK, Liu TY, Alguire C et al (2010) Relationship between burden of premature ventricular complexes and left ventricular function. Hear Rhythm 7(7):865–869
Deyell MW, Park KM, Han Y, Frankel DS, Dixit S, Cooper JM et al (2012) Predictors of recovery of left ventricular dysfunction after ablation of frequent ventricular premature depolarizations. Hear Rhythm 9(9):1465–1472
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Interessenkonflikt
T. Fink, K.H. Kuck und A. Metzner geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.
Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fink, T., Kuck, K. & Metzner, A. ESC-Leitlinien 2015 zu ventrikulären Arrhythmien und zur Prävention des plötzlichen Herztodes. Herz 40, 1034–1042 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-015-4380-6
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-015-4380-6
Schlüsselwörter
- Ventrikuläre Arrhythmien
- Plötzlicher Herztod
- Implantierbarer Kardioverter-Defibrillator
- Katheterablation
- Tachykardie