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Influence of piezotomy and osteoperforation of the alveolar process on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review

Einfluss von Piezotomie und Osteoperforation des Alveolarfortsatzes auf die Geschwindigkeit der orthodontischen Zahnbewegung: Ein systematisches Review

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Abstract

Objective

The minimally invasive procedures piezosurgical corticocision and osteoperforation have been advocated as methods to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement and to shorten treatment time, but without large-scale trauma of the periosteum and the bone. The aim of this study was to evaluate if there is evidence supporting these claims based on a systematic review of the literature.

Materials and methods

A search of PubMed and Google Scholar with the combined search terms “piezo*” and “tooth movement” was performed until May 2016. In addition, the keywords “osteoperforation” and “piezopuncture” were searched in both databases. All scientific articles were considered and examined for suitability by two scientists. Disagreements resolved by consensus. The first inclusion criterion was studies with human species. Second inclusion criterion the surgical procedure had to be performed transmucosally and without the elevation of a mucoperiosteal flap. Case series were also considered.

Results

The Google Scholar search delivered 516, the PubMed search 60 references. A total of 36 human trials fulfilling the first inclusion criterion were identified. Among those, in only 13 publications was a transmucosal technique used (12 on piezosurgical corticocision and 1 on osteoperforation). Of the 13 articles, 9 represented case series and only 4 were clinical trials. In all four trials, an acceleration of the orthodontic treatment was reported. However, the extent of the acceleration was inconsistent and in one article it disappeared when assessing the overall orthodontic treatment.

Conclusion

Evidence for an acceleration of tooth movement in conjunction with the minimally invasive methods piezosurgical corticocision and osteoperforation of the alveolar process in humans is low.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel

Die minimal-invasiven chirurgischen Verfahren Piezozision, Piezopunktion und Osteoperforation sollen eine Beschleunigung der orthodontischen Zahnbewegung bewirken, ohne jedoch eine großflächige Traumatisierung des Periosts zu erfordern. Ziel dieser Studie war es, anhand einer systematischen Überprüfung der Literatur zu beurteilen, ob es Evidenz dafür gibt, die diese Behauptungen hinsichtlich einer Beschleunigung der Zahnbewegung belegen.

Material und Methoden

In den Datenbanken PubMed und Google Scholar wurde mit den kombinierten Suchbegriffen “piezo*” und “tooth movement” recherchiert. Zudem wurde in beiden Datenbanken nach den Suchbegriffen “osteoperforation” und “piezopuncture“ gesucht. Erstes Einschlusskriterium war eine Beschränkung auf die Spezies Mensch, sodass tierexperimentelle Studien herausfielen, auch reine Technikbeschreibungen wurden eliminiert. Zweites Kriterium war ein transmukosales chirurgisches Vorgehen ohne Bildung eines Mukoperiostlappens.

Ergebnisse

Google-Scholar lieferte 516, PubMed 60 Literaturstellen. 36 Artikel erfüllten die Bedingung einer klinischen Untersuchung am Menschen. Unter diesen 36 Artikeln fanden sich nur 13 mit einer transmukosalen Vorgehensweise. 12 von ihnen berichteten über Piezozisionen, eine über Osteoperforationen des Alveolarfortsatzes. Neun von 13 Artikeln waren Kasuistiken nur 4 der 13 Artikel klinische Studien. In allen 4 Studien wurde über eine Beschleunigung der kieferorthopädischen Behandlung berichtet, das Ausmaß war jedoch unterschiedlich.

Schlussfolgerungen

Zum gegenwärtigen Zeitpunkt ist die Evidenz für eine Beschleunigung der Zahnbewegung im Zusammenhang mit den minimal-invasiven Methoden Piezozision, Piezopunktion und Osteoperforation des Alveolarfortsatzes beim Menschen gering.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Abteilung für Kieferorthopädie, Orthodontie und Kinderzahnmedizin, Charité Centrum für Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Aßmannshauser Straße 4-6, 14197, Berlin, Germany

    Stefan Hoffmann, Nikolaos Papadopoulos, Dominik Visel, Theresa Visel, Paul-Georg Jost-Brinkmann (Prof. Dr.) & Thomas Michael Präger (Dr. Dr.)

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  1. Stefan Hoffmann
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S. Hoffmann, N. Papadopoulos, D. Visel, T. Visel, P.G. Jost-Brinkmann, and T.M. Präger state that there are no conflicting interests.

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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Hoffmann, S., Papadopoulos, N., Visel, D. et al. Influence of piezotomy and osteoperforation of the alveolar process on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review. J Orofac Orthop 78, 301–311 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-017-0085-1

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