Abstract
Objective
The placement of orthodontic bands usually increases plaque accumulation due to numerous mechanical retention sites. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the amount and distribution pattern of biofilm in the oral (palatal and lingual) and interproximal regions surrounding orthodontic bands.
Materials and Methods
We evaluated the formation of biofilm on 32 orthodontic bands which had been placed intraorally for 6–37 months. Two parameters were measured: the percentage of surface covered by biofilm (quantity) and the biofilm distribution pattern of accumulation. We measured these two parameters in four regions of interest: the mesial and distal interproximal regions, as well as the mesial and distal regions of the oral attachment.
Results
The quantity of biofilm formation was similar in all four regions of interest, ranging from 13.3% to 16.8%. In contrast to biofilm quantity, distribution patterns differed in the four regions. In the mesial and distal interproximal regions it appeared as extensive insular areas in 87.5% and 71.9%, respectively, whereas it appeared more often supragingival and linear in nature in regions adjacent to the oral attachment, i.e. in 65.6% and 68.8%, respectively.
Conclusion
Our results indicate that firstly, oral hygiene in the palatal and lingual regions of orthodontic bands seems as difficult as it is in the interproximal areas, thus requiring thorough hygiene in both areas. Secondly, orthodontic patients with a history of periodontal disease require special attention regarding the use of orthodontic bands.
Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung
Der Einsatz orthodontischer Bänder verstärkt in der Regel die Plaqueakkumulation aufgrund der vermehrten mechanischen Retentionsmöglichkeiten. Ziel der Studie war die Evaluierung von Menge und Verteilung des Biofilms in den oralen bzw. den lingualen und palatinalen sowie den interdentalen Bereichen von Molarenbändern.
Material und Methodik
Auf den adhärenten Biofilm hin untersucht wurden 32 orthodontische Bänder nach einer Verweildauer im Mund des Patienten zwischen 6 und 37 Monaten. Bestimmt wurden zwei Parameter: die Quantität, also der mit Plaque besiedelte Anteil der Oberfläche, und die Verteilung des Biofilms auf dem Band. Diese wurden in jeweils vier Bereichen überprüft: an der mesialen und distalen Interdentalfläche sowie an den Flächen direkt mesial und distal des oralen Attachments.
Ergebnisse
Die Quantität der Plaqueanhaftung, zwischen 13,3 und 16,8%, war in allen vier Bereichen vergleichbar, die Verteilung der Plaque dagegen unterschiedlich. Auf der mesialen und distalen Interdentalfläche war die Plaquebesiedlung in 87,5 bzw. 71,9% großflächig inselförmig, während die Flächen direkt mesial und distal des oralen Attachments zu 65,6 bzw. 68,8% eine strichförmige, supragingivale Plaqueansammlung zeigten.
Schlussfolgerung
Zum einen ist die Hygiene der palatinalen und lingualen Flächen eines Bandes ähnlich erschwert wie die der interdentalen Flächen; dies sollte bei der kieferorthopädischen Hygieneeinweisung Berücksichtigung finden. Außerdem ist der Einsatz von orthodontischen Bändern bei Patienten mit einer parodontalen Grunderkrankung kritisch zu betrachten.
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Acknowledgement
We would like to thank Dr. Ralph Kastenholz for his contribution in obtaining the data for this evaluation, and the Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz for funding this project.
Conflict of interest
None declared.
Danksagung
Wir bedanken uns bei Dr. Ralph Kastenholz für seine Mitwirkung bei der Erhebung der Daten für diese Untersuchung. Der Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz danken wir für die finanzielle Unterstützung dieser Studie.
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Erbe, C., Hornikel, S., Schmidtmann, I. et al. Quantity and distribution of plaque in orthodontic patients treated with molar bands. J Orofac Orthop 72, 13–20 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-010-0001-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-010-0001-4